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Classicist James H. Dee states "the Greeks do not describe themselves as 'White people'—or as anything else because they had no regular word in their colour vocabulary for themselves." [71] According to the historian Nell Irvin Painter, people's skin colour did not carry useful meaning; what mattered is where they lived. [72]
A study from 2013 for prediction of hair and eye colour from DNA of the Greek people showed that the self-reported phenotype frequencies according to hair and eye colour categories was as follows: 119 individuals – hair colour, 11 blond, 45 dark blond/light brown, 49 dark brown, 3 brown red/auburn and 11 had black hair; eye colour, 13 with ...
Categorization of racial groups by reference to skin color is common in classical antiquity. [7] For example, it is found in e.g. Physiognomica, a Greek treatise dated to c. 300 BC. The transmission of the "color terminology" for race from antiquity to early anthropology in 17th century Europe took place via rabbinical literature.
The ancient Greeks classified colors by whether they were light or dark, rather than by their hue. The Greek word for dark blue, kyaneos, could also mean dark green, violet, black or brown. The ancient Greek word for a light blue, glaukos, also could mean light green, grey, or yellow. [17] The Greeks imported indigo dye from India, calling it ...
[15] Barbara Watterson notes that Cleopatra's coins show her in the Greek style rather than the Egyptian style and argues that although she was a Macedonian Greek we can only speculate the color of Cleopatra's features, but probably had dark brown hair and eyes and skin with an olive hue. [16]
For the Greeks, even today, ethnicity has greater significance than for many other peoples. [1] [2] [3] After all, during the three century long Islamic-Ottoman occupation, the Greeks managed to preserve their culture, Greek Orthodox faith, language and identity unharmed; and from 1821 onwards, they were able to re-establish their own sovereign state with an intact ethnicity.
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Irrespective of the actual biological differences amongst humans, and of the actual complexities of human skin coloration, people nonetheless self-identify as "brown" and identify other groups of people as "brown", using characteristics that include skin color, hair strength, language, and culture, in order to classify them.