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It seems most probable that the surplice first appeared in France or England, from whence its use gradually spread to Italy [citation needed]. It is possible that there is a connection between the surplice and the Gallican or Celtic alb, an ungirdled liturgical tunic of the old Gallican Rite, which was superseded during the Carolingian era by the Roman Rite.
An Anglican bishop in choir dress: purple cassock, rochet, red chimere and cuffs, tippet, and pectoral cross. Choir dress in Anglicanism traditionally consists of cassock, surplice and scarf (or tippet). [n 1] An academic hood may also be worn. Since 1964 in the Church of England, a cope may be worn at the discretion of the minister. [2]
A school choir wearing cassocks under surplices. Cassocks are sometimes also worn by readers, altar servers, and choir members, when they do this is the double-breasted style. Readers and altar servers usually wear black cassocks, but those worn by choirs are usually coloured. [citation needed]
These are normally a cassock, a long, full-length robe which may be purple, red or black in colour, over which is worn a surplice, a knee-length white cotton robe. Normally a surplice is only worn during a service of worship, so a choir often rehearses wearing cassocks only.
English Dissenting churches (Presbyterians, Congregationalists and Baptists) preferred to wear the gown alone with the cassock and bands at all times, most being wary of the surplice (a remnant of the "Surplice War" which followed the reforms enacted by Archbishop William Laud, referred to as "Laudianism"). Academic Hood
The surplice is not used, the ministers conducting the ordinary services and preaching in a black gown, of the 16th-century type, with white preaching bands or ruff. In Germany the Evangelical Church (itself an outcome of a compromise between Lutherans and Reformed), in general, discarded the old vestments.
The church choir continues to attract musicians from a variety of age groups and musical heritage, meeting weekly for rehearsals, and singing at the Parish Eucharist once a week. The choir maintain a rich musical tradition, performing a both historical and modern music. They dress in traditional cassock and surplice.
The rochet in its Roman form is similar to a surplice, with narrower sleeves and a hem that comes below the knee, and both of which may be made of lace. The Anglican form is a descendant of traditional albs worn by deacons and priests, but with sleeves gathered at the wrists, and nearly as long as the underlying cassock.
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