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His aim, evidently, was to convince the king to declare his independence of Kamehameha and enter under Russian protection. He primarily erected an earthwork at Hanalei; and, sometime between April and October, 1817, he built a strong stone fort at Waimea, over which the Russian flag was flown. [2] [8] The Waimea establishment was a huge one.
Fort Alexander (Russian: форт Александра) was one of the three forts built by Georg Anton Schäffer on island of Kauai in the Kingdom of Hawaii. It was named after emperor Alexander I, and built in October 1816 near Hanalei River. [1] [2] It was an earthwork fort.
Schäffer remained in command of all Russian forces in the area, including the two ships. A final meeting with Kamehameha was arranged, but he again resisted making any settlements. Immediately setting sail on-board the Otkrytie for Kauai on May 14 [O.S. May 2], Schäffer and Podushkin reached the island three days later. [13]
Russian colonial possessions in the Americas were collectively known as Russian America (Russian: Русская Америка, romanized: Russkaya Amerika; 1799 to 1867). It consisted mostly of present-day Alaska in the United States , but also included the outpost of Fort Ross in California .
The Rurik is moored off the island of St. Paul to load provisions for the northern voyage (Drawing: Louis Choris). The Russian Rurik Expedition ("Rurick Expedition") was a circumnavigation of the world that took place from July 30, 1815 to August 3, 1818 under the command of Otto von Kotzebue and was intended to discover and explore the Northwest Passage.
In April 2010, the Foreign Relations Committee of the Parliament of Georgia appealed to legislative bodies of 31 countries, asking to declare Georgia's two regions Abkhazia and South Ossetia as territories under Russian occupation and to recognize that the massive displacement of civilians from those regions by Russia amounts to ethnic cleansing.
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Russia has supported separatist movements in Abkhazia and South Ossetia since the early 1990s. This is arguably the greatest problem in Georgian–Russian relations. The tensions between Georgia and Russia, which had been heightened even before the collapse of the Soviet Union, climaxed during the secessionist conflict in Abkhazia in 1992–93.