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The parameters defined by standard include horizontal blanking and vertical blanking intervals, horizontal frequency and vertical frequency (collectively, pixel clock rate or video signal bandwidth), and horizontal/vertical sync polarity. The standard was adopted in 2002 and superseded the Generalized Timing Formula.
Generalized Timing Formula is a standard by VESA which defines exact parameters of the component video signal for analogue VGA display interface.. The video parameters defined by the standard include horizontal blanking (retrace) and vertical blanking intervals, horizontal frequency and vertical frequency (collectively, pixel clock rate or video signal bandwidth), and horizontal/vertical sync ...
Vertical synchronization or Vsync can refer to: Analog television#Vertical synchronization, a process in which a pulse signal separates analog video fields; Screen tearing#Vertical synchronization, a process in which digital graphics rendering syncs to match up with a display's refresh rate; Vsync (library), a software library written in C# for ...
Vertical sync pulse width lines 4 lsbits (0–15) 11: Bits 7–6: Horizontal front porch (sync offset) pixels 2 msbits (0–3) Bits 5–4: Horizontal sync pulse width pixels 2 msbits (0–3) Bits 3–2: Vertical front porch (sync offset) lines 2 msbits (0–3) Bits 1–0: Vertical sync pulse width lines 2 msbits (0–3) 12
During the vertical blanking interval, the driver orders the video card to either rapidly copy the off-screen graphics area into the active display area (double buffering), or treat both memory areas as displayable, and simply switch back and forth between them (page flipping).
Where BNC is used, available as 3 connectors with Sync on Green, or 5 connector Red / Green / Blue / Horizontal Sync / Vertical sync. Mac-II/Quadra DA15F: 1152 × 870 @ 75 [8] Macintosh: Mac-DA15F and Sun-13W3 were similar in capability to VGA. Some Sun machines used 4 or 5 BNC connectors to transfer video signal. 1990
The sync mechanism keeps the video interface at the established pixel clock rate but dynamically adjusts the vertical blanking interval. The monitor keeps displaying the currently received image until a new frame is presented to the video card's frame buffer then transmission of the new image starts immediately.
Sets 1, 2 and 3 represent the operation of single, double and triple buffering, respectively, with vertical synchronization (vsync) enabled. In each graph, time flows from left to right. In each graph, time flows from left to right.