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Alpine tundra is a type of natural region or biome that does not contain trees because it is at high elevation, with an associated harsh climate. As the latitude of a location approaches the poles, the threshold elevation for alpine tundra gets lower until it reaches sea level, and alpine tundra merges with polar tundra .
Alpine tundra is generally better drained than arctic soils. [7] Alpine tundra transitions to subalpine forests below the tree line; stunted forests occurring at the forest-tundra ecotone (the treeline) are known as Krummholz. Alpine tundra can be affected by woody plant encroachment. [27] Alpine tundra occurs in mountains worldwide.
Dense montane forests are common at moderate elevations, due to moderate temperatures and high rainfall. At higher elevations, the climate is harsher, with lower temperatures and higher winds, preventing the growth of trees and causing the plant community to transition to montane grasslands and shrublands or alpine tundra. Due to the unique ...
The Iceland boreal birch forests and alpine tundra ecoregion (WWF ID: PA0602) covers the island of Iceland in the North Atlantic.The island is volcanic in origin with basaltic soils, and the cold northerly climate prevents any significant crop agriculture.
The Interior Yukon–Alaska alpine tundra ecoregion (WWF ID: NA1111) covers alpine, sub-alpine, and boreal forest areas along the cordillera (chain of mountain ranges) of Interior Alaska and south-central Yukon Territory. Geologically, they are the disjunct uplands of the Yukon–Tanana terrane plus a southern extension of the Brooks Range. The ...
One of the planet's most recent biomes, a result of the last ice age only 10,000 years ago, the tundra contains unique flora and fauna formed during the last glaciation in areas unrestricted by permanent ice. The tundra region is found in high latitudes, primarily in Alaska, Canada, Russia, Greenland, Iceland, and Scandinavia, as well as the ...
Brooks–British Range tundra: Canada, United States: Davis Highlands tundra: Canada: High Arctic tundra: Canada: Interior Yukon–Alaska alpine tundra: Canada, United States: Kalaallit Nunaat high arctic tundra: Greenland: Kalaallit Nunaat low arctic tundra: Greenland: Low Arctic tundra: Canada: Middle Arctic tundra: Canada: Ogilvie ...
The term "montane" in the name of the biome refers to "high elevation", rather than the ecological term that denotes the region below the treeline. This biome includes high elevation ( montane and alpine ) grasslands and shrublands , including the puna and páramo in South America, subalpine heath in New Guinea and East Africa, steppes of the ...