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Close-up of an LCD, showing a dead green subpixel as a black rectangle. A defective pixel or a dead pixel is a pixel on a liquid crystal display (LCD) that is not functioning properly. The ISO standard ISO 13406-2 distinguishes between three different types of defective pixels, [1] while hardware companies tend to have further distinguishing ...
Three distinct types of defective pixels are described: Type 1 = a hot pixel (always on, being colour white) Type 2 = a dead pixel (always off, meaning black) Type 3 = a stuck pixel (one or more sub-pixels (red, blue or green) are always on or always off) The table below shows the maximum number of allowed defects (per type) per 1 million pixels.
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Some LCD panels have defective transistors, causing permanently lit or unlit pixels which are commonly referred to as stuck pixels or dead pixels respectively. Unlike integrated circuits (ICs), LCD panels with a few defective transistors are usually still usable. Manufacturers' policies for the acceptable number of defective pixels vary greatly.
The cause of LCD image retention is different from phosphor aging as in CRTs, but the visual phenomenon is the same: uneven use of display pixels. Slight LCD image retention can be recovered. When severe image retention occurs, the liquid crystal molecules have been polarized and cannot rotate in the electric field, so they cannot be recovered.
Burn-in on a monitor, when severe as in this "please wait" message, is visible even when the monitor is switched off. Screen burn-in, image burn-in, ghost image, or shadow image, is a permanent discoloration of areas on an electronic visual display such as a cathode-ray tube (CRT) in an older computer monitor or television set.
Class 0 panels are completely defect-free, including no full pixel or sub-pixel defects. Class 1 panels permit any or all of the following: 1 full bright (“stuck on white”) pixel; 1 full dark (“stuck off”) pixel; 2 single or double bright or dark sub-pixels; 3 to 5 “stuck on” or “stuck off” sub-pixels (depending on the number of ...
Techmind.org: LCD technology and stationary test patterns; 1080p and framerates explained; Methods for 3:2 Pull Down; BenQ monitor that uses strobing to reduce sample-and-hold artifacts due to motion eye tracking; Windows application that demonstrates retinal blur due to sample and hold displays [permanent dead link