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Business ethics operates on the premise, for example, that the ethical operation of a private business is possible—those who dispute that premise, such as libertarian socialists (who contend that "business ethics" is an oxymoron) do so by definition outside of the domain of business ethics proper.
The law of truly large numbers (a statistical adage), attributed to Persi Diaconis and Frederick Mosteller, states that with a large enough number of independent samples, any highly implausible (i.e. unlikely in any single sample, but with constant probability strictly greater than 0 in any sample) result is likely to be observed. [1]
They are called the strong law of large numbers and the weak law of large numbers. [ 16 ] [ 1 ] Stated for the case where X 1 , X 2 , ... is an infinite sequence of independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Lebesgue integrable random variables with expected value E( X 1 ) = E( X 2 ) = ... = μ , both versions of the law state that the ...
A code of practice is adopted by a profession (or by a governmental or non-governmental organization) to regulate that profession. A code of practice may be styled as a code of professional responsibility, which will discuss difficult issues and difficult decisions that will often need to be made, and then provide a clear account of what behavior is considered "ethical" or "correct" or "right ...
Macroethics (from the Greek prefix "makros-" meaning "large" and "ethos" meaning character) is a term coined in the late 20th century [1] to distinguish large-scale ethics from individual ethics, or microethics. It is a type of applied ethics. Macroethics deals with large-scale issues, often in relation to ethical principles or normative rules ...
Goodhart's law is an adage often stated as, "When a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure". [1] It is named after British economist Charles Goodhart , who is credited with expressing the core idea of the adage in a 1975 article on monetary policy in the United Kingdom: [ 2 ]
Budget amendments, known as provisos, are effective for one year and are sometimes controversial because they create policy outside the normal legislative process, which requires more public scrutiny.
Law of large numbers; Law of truly large numbers; Central limit theorem; Regression toward the mean; Examples of "laws" with a weaker foundation include: Safety in numbers; Benford's law; Examples of "laws" which are more general observations than having a theoretical background: Rank–size distribution