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Tears are produced by the lacrimal gland, situated just outside the eye. Blinking the eyelids distributes the tears to keep the eyes moist, clean and lubricated. Excess tears are drained via the punctum through the tiny channels called canaliculi located on the inner side of the eyes into the tear sac, from there to the tear duct, the nose and finally down the throat.
Historically, bilateral parotid and lacrimal gland enlargement was characterized by the term Mikulicz's disease if the enlargement appeared apart from other diseases. If it was secondary to another disease, such as tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, lymphoma, and Sjögren's syndrome, the term used was Mikulicz's syndrome.
A review of treatments showed that the anti-mite drug ivermectin can be an effective treatment for reducing symptoms. [24] Eye drops or ointments containing corticosteroids are frequently used in conjunction with antibiotics and can reduce eyelid inflammation. [4] [5] [25] The supplement n-acetylcysteine may be effective for blepharitis. [26]
Dacryocystitis is an infection of the lacrimal sac, secondary to obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct at the junction of the lacrimal sac. [1] The term derives from Greek dákryon 'tear' cysta 'sac' and -itis 'inflammation'. [2] It causes pain, redness, and swelling over the inner aspect of the lower eyelid and epiphora.
Involutional stenosis is probably the most common cause of nasolacrimal duct obstruction in older people. It affects women twice as frequently as men. Although the inciting event in this process is unknown, clinicopathologic study suggests that compression of the lumen of the nasolacrimal duct is caused by inflammatory infiltrates and edema.
People with dermatochalasis often also have blepharitis, a condition caused by the plugging of glands in the eye that produce lubricating fluid (meibomian glands). [2] Dermatochalasis can be severe enough that it pushes the eyelashes into the eye, causing entropion. [2] Weakness in the orbital septum may cause the herniation of the orbital fat ...
Canaliculodacryocystostomy is a surgical correction for a congenitally blocked tear duct in which the closed segment is excised and the open end is joined to the lacrimal sac. [8] [10] Canaliculotomy involves slitting of the lacrimal punctum and canaliculus for the relief of epiphora [8] A dacryoadenectomy is the surgical removal of a lacrimal ...
5 Treatment. 6 Prognosis. 7 References. 8 External links. ... Some patients first thought to have dacryoadenitis may turn out to have a malignancy of the lacrimal gland.