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A tide gauge The tide gauge in Kronstadt, Russia [1] A tide gauge is a device for measuring the change in sea level relative to a vertical datum. [2] [3] It is also known as a mareograph, [4] marigraph, [5] and sea-level recorder. [6] When applied to freshwater continental water bodies, the instrument may also be called a limnimeter. [7] [8]
A chart datum is the water level surface serving as origin of depths displayed on a nautical chart and for reporting and predicting tide heights. A chart datum is generally derived from some tidal phase, in which case it is also known as a tidal datum. [1] Common chart datums are lowest astronomical tide (LAT) [1] and mean lower low water (MLLW).
Tide tables, sometimes called tide charts, are used for tidal prediction and show the daily times and levels of high and low tides, usually for a particular location. [1] Tide heights at intermediate times (between high and low water) can be approximated by using the rule of twelfths or more accurately calculated by using a published tidal ...
The water stops rising, reaching a local maximum called high tide. Sea level falls over several hours, revealing the intertidal zone; ebb tide. Oscillating currents produced by tides are known as tidal streams or tidal currents. The moment that the tidal current ceases is called slack water or slack tide. The tide then reverses direction and is ...
In coastal areas, because the ocean tide is quite out of step with the Earth tide, at high ocean tide there is an excess of water above what would be the gravitational equilibrium level, and therefore the adjacent ground falls in response to the resulting differences in weight. At low tide there is a deficit of water and the ground rises.
Simulations held in 2013 on historical data highlighted "tiltmeters and broadband seismometers are thus valuable instruments for monitoring tsunamis in complement with tide gauge arrays." In the case of the 2010 Maule earthquake, tilt-sensors observed a discriminating signal "starting 20 min before the arrival time of the tsunami at the nearest ...
The effect of long-period tides on lunar orbit is a controversial topic, some literatures conclude that the long-period tides accelerate the Moon and slow down the Earth. [4] [5] However Cheng [6] found that dissipation of the long-period tides brakes the Moon and actually accelerates the Earth's rotation. To explain this, they assumed the ...
A storm surge, storm flood, tidal surge, or storm tide is a coastal flood or tsunami-like phenomenon of rising water commonly associated with low-pressure weather systems, such as cyclones. It is measured as the rise in water level above the normal tidal level, and does not include waves.