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Rayleigh scattering causes the blue color of the daytime sky and the reddening of the Sun at sunset. Rayleigh scattering (/ ˈ r eɪ l i / RAY-lee) is the scattering or deflection of light, or other electromagnetic radiation, by particles with a size much smaller than the wavelength of the radiation.
Rayleigh scattering regime is the scattering of light, or other electromagnetic radiation, by particles much smaller than the wavelength of the light. Rayleigh scattering can be defined as scattering in small size parameter regime x ≪ 1 {\displaystyle x\ll 1} .
In probability theory and statistics, the Rayleigh distribution is a continuous probability distribution for nonnegative-valued random variables. Up to rescaling, it coincides with the chi distribution with two degrees of freedom .
It is sometimes said, incorrectly, that Rayleigh scattering is relevant to imaging techniques such as two-photon. According to Rayleigh's scattering law, the amount of scattering is proportional to /, where is the wavelength. As a result, if the wavelength is increased by a factor of 2, the Rayleigh scattering is reduced by a factor of 16.
The weighted average of the cosine of the photon scattering angle is known as scattering anisotropy (g), which has a value between −1 and 1. If the optical anisotropy is 0, this generally indicates that the scattering is isotropic. If g approaches a value of 1 this indicates that the scattering is primarily in the forward direction. In order ...
Other approximations to scattering by a single sphere include: Debye series, ray tracing (geometrical optics), ray tracing including the effects of interference between rays, Airy theory, Rayleigh scattering, diffraction approximation. There are many phenomena related to light scattering by spherical particles such as resonances, surface waves ...
where I R (90) is the scattering intensity measured for the Rayleigh scatterer by the 90° angle detector. The most common equation to measure the weight-average molecular weight, M w, is the Zimm equation [5] (the right-hand side of the Zimm equation is provided incorrectly in some texts, as noted by Hiemenz and Lodge): [6]
The absorption coefficient of a volume, denoted μ a, and the scattering coefficient of a volume, denoted μ s, are defined the same way as the attenuation coefficient. [ 6 ] The attenuation coefficient of a volume is the sum of absorption coefficient and scattering coefficients: [ 6 ]