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A fixed-point representation of a fractional number is essentially an integer that is to be implicitly multiplied by a fixed scaling factor. For example, the value 1.23 can be stored in a variable as the integer value 1230 with implicit scaling factor of 1/1000 (meaning that the last 3 decimal digits are implicitly assumed to be a decimal fraction), and the value 1 230 000 can be represented ...
So a fixed-point scheme might use a string of 8 decimal digits with the decimal point in the middle, whereby "00012345" would represent 0001.2345. In scientific notation , the given number is scaled by a power of 10 , so that it lies within a specific range—typically between 1 and 10, with the radix point appearing immediately after the first ...
Variable length arithmetic represents numbers as a string of digits of a variable's length limited only by the memory available. Variable-length arithmetic operations are considerably slower than fixed-length format floating-point instructions.
This gives from 6 to 9 significant decimal digits precision. If a decimal string with at most 6 significant digits is converted to the IEEE 754 single-precision format, giving a normal number, and then converted back to a decimal string with the same number of digits, the final result should match the original string. If an IEEE 754 single ...
2.3434E−6 = 2.3434 × 10 −6 = 2.3434 × 0.000001 = 0.0000023434. The advantage of this scheme is that by using the exponent we can get a much wider range of numbers, even if the number of digits in the significand, or the "numeric precision", is much smaller than the range. Similar binary floating-point formats can be defined for computers.
For example, while a fixed-point representation that allocates 8 decimal digits and 2 decimal places can represent the numbers 123456.78, 8765.43, 123.00, and so on, a floating-point representation with 8 decimal digits could also represent 1.2345678, 1234567.8, 0.000012345678, 12345678000000000, and so on.
For example, if f is defined on the real numbers by = +, then 2 is a fixed point of f, because f(2) = 2. Not all functions have fixed points: for example, f(x) = x + 1 has no fixed points because x + 1 is never equal to x for any real number.
00000000000 2 =000 16 is used to represent a signed zero (if F = 0) and subnormal numbers (if F ≠ 0); and; 11111111111 2 =7ff 16 is used to represent ∞ (if F = 0) and NaNs (if F ≠ 0), where F is the fractional part of the significand. All bit patterns are valid encoding. Except for the above exceptions, the entire double-precision number ...