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In Latin, the word calculus means “small pebble”, (the diminutive of calx, meaning "stone"), a meaning which still persists in medicine. Because such pebbles were used for counting out distances, [7] tallying votes, and doing abacus arithmetic, the word came to be the Latin word for calculation. In this sense, it was used in English at ...
differential calculus Is a subfield of calculus [30] concerned with the study of the rates at which quantities change. It is one of the two traditional divisions of calculus, the other being integral calculus, the study of the area beneath a curve. [31] differential equation Is a mathematical equation that relates some function with its ...
The word calculus is a Latin word, meaning originally "small pebble"; as such pebbles were used for calculation, the meaning of the word has evolved and today usually means a method of computation. Meanwhile, calculus, originally called infinitesimal calculus or "the calculus of infinitesimals", is the study of continuous change.
Elementary Calculus: An Infinitesimal Approach; Nonstandard calculus; Infinitesimal; Archimedes' use of infinitesimals; For further developments: see list of real analysis topics, list of complex analysis topics, list of multivariable calculus topics
It is fundamentally the study of the relationship of variables that depend on each other. Calculus was expanded in the 18th century by Euler with the introduction of the concept of a function and many other results. [40] Presently, "calculus" refers mainly to the elementary part of this theory, and "analysis" is commonly used for advanced parts ...
A term which shortcuts around calculation the mathematician perceives to be tedious or routine, accessible to any member of the audience with the necessary expertise in the field; Laplace used obvious (French: évident). complete intuition commonly reserved for jokes (puns on complete induction). diagram chasing
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a calculus (pl. calculi), a Roman counting token; Battlefield calculus, military calculation of all known factors into the decision-making and action-planning process; Calculus of negligence, a legal standard in U.S. tort law to determine if a duty of care has been breached