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The rabies vaccine is a vaccine used to prevent rabies. [11] There are several rabies vaccines available that are both safe and effective. [ 11 ] Vaccinations must be administered prior to rabies virus exposure or within the latent period after exposure to prevent the disease. [ 12 ]
Purified duck embryo vaccine (PDEV) was the first vaccine developed for human use in treating pre- and postexposure to the rabies virus. It was developed in 1957 and was made of dried, killed rabies virus. Vaccination with PDEV involved a series of intradermal injections over several days.
The number of recorded human deaths from rabies in the United States has dropped from 100 or more annually in the early 20th century to one or two per year because of widespread vaccination of domestic dogs and cats and the development of human vaccines and immunoglobulin treatments.
Rabies Vaccines: Wistar researchers developed a human rabies vaccine in the 1970s and a rabies vaccine for wildlife in the 1990s; both vaccines have decreased the incidence of rabies infection in humans and wildlife, respectively. [6] [7]
The Global Alliance for Rabies Control and its partners have reassessed the global burden of rabies, and are working on the costs of rabies and the benefits of individual large-scale rabies control programs. The global burden of rabies is now estimated to be 59,000 human lives every year, with annual economic losses of around 8.6 billion US ...
During his time at Wistar, Plotkin worked on several vaccines; chief among them are vaccines for rubella, rabies, rotavirus, and cytomegalovirus (CMV). He developed a vaccine for rubella, based upon the RA 27/3 strain of the virus (also developed by Plotkin using WI-38, a fetal-derived human cell line), which was released to the public in 1969. [8]
This is a timeline of the development of prophylactic human vaccines. Early vaccines may be listed by the first year of development or testing, but later entries usually show the year the vaccine finished trials and became available on the market. Although vaccines exist for the diseases listed below, only smallpox has
Canine mediated human rabies has been eliminated since 1980, and lyssaviruses have not been found in bat populations since 1954. [125] The last human death due to rabies occurred in 1980 (following a dog bite), [126] while the last case of rabies detected in a dog was in 2011. [127] Rabies was detected in a fox in 2018. [128]