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  2. Hydrothermal synthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrothermal_synthesis

    Hydrothermal synthesis can be defined as a method of synthesis of single crystals that depends on the solubility of minerals in hot water under high pressure. The crystal growth is performed in an apparatus consisting of a steel pressure vessel called an autoclave , in which a nutrient is supplied along with water .

  3. Ferrous tungstate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrous_tungstate

    The hydrothermal process [definition needed] is a method for synthesizing FeWO 4 crystals. Reagents used in this process are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (Na 2 EDTA) and hexamethylenetetramine (HMT).

  4. Hydrothermal carbonization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrothermal_carbonization

    A problem in the production of synthesis gas from biomass is the formation of tar, [10] which can be avoided during hydrothermal process management. Biomass is usually processed at a temperature range of (180-350 °C) the biomass is then submerged in water and heated under the pressure of (2-6 MPa) for (5–240 minutes). And the temperature and ...

  5. Solvothermal synthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solvothermal_synthesis

    Solvothermal synthesis is a method of producing chemical compounds, in which a solvent containing reagents is put under high pressure and temperature in an autoclave. Many substances dissolve better in the same solvent in such conditions than at standard conditions , enabling reactions that would not otherwise occur and leading to new compounds ...

  6. Chromium (IV) oxide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromium(IV)_oxide

    The balanced equation for the hydrothermal synthesis is: 3 CrO 3 + Cr 2 O 3 → 5 CrO 2 + O 2. The magnetic crystal that forms is a long, slender glass-like rod – perfect as a magnetic pigment for recording tape. When commercialized in the late 1960s as a recording medium, DuPont assigned it the tradename of Magtrieve.

  7. Flux method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flux_method

    The flux method is a crystal growth method where starting materials are dissolved in a solvent (flux), and are precipitated out to form crystals of a desired compound. The flux lowers the melting point of the desired compound, analogous to a wet chemistry recrystallization. [1]

  8. Hydrothermal liquefaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrothermal_liquefaction

    Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a thermal depolymerization process used to convert wet biomass, and other macromolecules, into crude-like oil under moderate temperature and high pressure. [1] The crude-like oil has high energy density with a lower heating value of 33.8-36.9 MJ/kg and 5-20 wt% oxygen and renewable chemicals.

  9. Emerald - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emerald

    Emerald made by hydrothermal synthesis. Synthetic emeralds are often referred to as "created", as their chemical and gemological composition is the same as their natural counterparts. The U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has very strict regulations as to what can and what cannot be called a "synthetic" stone. The FTC says: "§ 23.23(c) It is ...