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  2. Malocclusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malocclusion

    Class II Division 2: The molar relationships are Class II but the central are retroclined and the lateral teeth are seen overlapping the centrals. Class III : (Mesiocclusion ( prognathism , anterior crossbite , negative overjet, underbite)) In this case the upper molars are placed not in the mesiobuccal groove but posteriorly to it.

  3. Le Fort osteotomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Fort_osteotomy

    A Le Fort I osteotomy surgically moves the upper jaw to correct misalignment and deformities. It is used in the treatment for several conditions, including skeletal class II malocclusion, cleft lip and cleft palate, vertical maxillary excess (VME) or deficiency, and some specific types of facial trauma, particularly those affecting the mid-face.

  4. Molar distalization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molar_distalization

    Molar distalization is a process in the field of Orthodontics which is used to move molar teeth, especially permanent first molars, distally (backwards) in an arch.This procedure is often used in treatment of patients who have Class 2 malocclusion. [1]

  5. Overjet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overjet

    In the Class II Division 2 incisal classification of malocclusion, the lower incisors occlude posterior to the cingulum plateau of the upper incisors and the upper central incisors are retroclined. The overjet is usually minimal but it may be increased.

  6. Overbite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overbite

    class 2 div 2 Deep bite. Overbite is often confused with overjet, which is the distance between the maxillary anterior teeth and the mandibular anterior teeth in the anterior-posterior axis. "Overbite" may also be used commonly to refer to Class II malocclusion or retrognathia, though this usage can be considered incorrect. This is where the ...

  7. Orthognathic surgery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthognathic_surgery

    Orthognathic surgery (/ ˌ ɔːr θ ə ɡ ˈ n æ θ ɪ k /), also known as corrective jaw surgery or simply jaw surgery, is surgery designed to correct conditions of the jaw and lower face related to structure, growth, airway issues including sleep apnea, TMJ disorders, malocclusion problems primarily arising from skeletal disharmonies, and other orthodontic dental bite problems that cannot ...

  8. Orthodontic indices - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthodontic_indices

    The interpretation of the results shows that when there is a PAR score of more than 70% it represents a very high standard of treatment, anything less than 50% shows an overall poor standard of treatment and below 30% means that the patients malocclusion has not been improved by orthodontic treatment [29]

  9. Occlusal trauma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occlusal_trauma

    Occlusal trauma; Secondary occlusal trauma on X-ray film displays two lone-standing mandibular teeth, the lower left first premolar and canine. As the remnants of a once full complement of 16 lower teeth, these two teeth have been alone in opposing the forces associated with mastication for some time, as can be evidenced by the widened PDL surrounding the premolar.