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A hemothorax (derived from hemo-[blood] + thorax [chest], plural hemothoraces) is an accumulation of blood within the pleural cavity.The symptoms of a hemothorax may include chest pain and difficulty breathing, while the clinical signs may include reduced breath sounds on the affected side and a rapid heart rate.
Abdominal contents in the pleural space interfere with heart function and lung function. High intrathoracic pressure results in an increase in right atrial pressure, disrupting the filling of the heart and venous return of blood. [4] As venous return determines cardiac output, this results in a reduction of cardiac output. [11]
PE usually results from a blood clot in the leg that travels to the lung. [6] The risk of blood clots is increased by advanced age, cancer, prolonged bed rest and immobilization, smoking, stroke, long-haul travel over 4 hours, certain genetic conditions, estrogen-based medication, pregnancy, obesity, trauma or bone fracture, and after some ...
The diaphragm typically appears as two separate, curved outlines (hemidiaphragms) on a chest X-ray due to the heart and mediastinum obscuring its central portion. When air accumulates in the mediastinum or peritoneal cavity, it outlines the diaphragm, making its central portion visible and creating the appearance of a continuous line. [ 4 ]
In terms of complications, one of the most serious occurs when the superficial blood clot is associated with a deep vein thrombosis; this can then dislodge, traveling through the heart and occluding the dense capillary network of the lungs This is a pulmonary embolism which can be life-threatening. [5]
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Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a condition in which blood clots form throughout the body, blocking small blood vessels. [1] Symptoms may include chest pain, shortness of breath, leg pain, problems speaking, or problems moving parts of the body. [1]
Potential location of pain from a heart attack: Specialty: Emergency medicine, internal medicine, cardiology: Symptoms: Discomfort in the front of the chest [1] Types: Cardiac, noncardiac [2] Causes: Serious: Acute coronary syndrome (including heart attacks), pulmonary embolism, pneumothorax, pericarditis, aortic dissection, esophageal rupture [3]