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In mathematics, a geometric algebra (also known as a Clifford algebra) is an algebra that can represent and manipulate geometrical objects such as vectors. Geometric algebra is built out of two fundamental operations, addition and the geometric product. Multiplication of vectors results in higher-dimensional objects called multivectors ...
Algebraic geometry is a branch of mathematics which uses abstract algebraic techniques, mainly from commutative algebra, to solve geometrical problems. Classically, it studies zeros of multivariate polynomials ; the modern approach generalizes this in a few different aspects.
The concept of the complex plane allows a geometric interpretation of complex numbers. Under addition , they add like vectors . The multiplication of two complex numbers can be expressed most easily in polar coordinates — the magnitude or modulus of the product is the product of the two absolute values , or moduli, and the angle or argument ...
3. Between two groups, may mean that the first one is a proper subgroup of the second one. > (greater-than sign) 1. Strict inequality between two numbers; means and is read as "greater than". 2. Commonly used for denoting any strict order. 3. Between two groups, may mean that the second one is a proper subgroup of the first one. ≤ 1.
Geometric algebra (GA) is an extension or completion of vector algebra (VA). [1] The reader is herein assumed to be familiar with the basic concepts and operations of VA and this article will mainly concern itself with operations in the GA of 3D space (nor is this article intended to be mathematically rigorous).
The definition of an atlas depends on the notion of a chart. A chart for a topological space M is a homeomorphism from an open subset U of M to an open subset of a Euclidean space. The chart is traditionally recorded as the ordered pair (,). [1]
Charts need not be geometric projections, and the number of charts is a matter of choice. ... by analogy with algebraic geometry or linear algebra. These are of ...
The universal geometric algebra (n, n) of order 2 2n is defined as the Clifford algebra of 2n-dimensional pseudo-Euclidean space R n, n. [1] This algebra is also called the "mother algebra". It has a nondegenerate signature. The vectors in this space generate the algebra through the geometric product.