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A conceptual diagram of a local area network using bus topology. A host on a bus network is called a station. In a bus network, every station will receive all network traffic, and the traffic generated by each station has equal transmission priority. [3] A bus network forms a single network segment and collision domain.
Token Bus was standardized by IEEE standard 802.4. It was mainly used for industrial applications. Token Bus was used by General Motors for their Manufacturing Automation Protocol (MAP) standardization effort. [4] This differs from Token Ring networks in that the endpoints of the bus do not meet to form a physical ring.
An address bus is a bus that is used to specify a physical address. When a processor or DMA-enabled device needs to read or write to a memory location, it specifies that memory location on the address bus (the value to be read or written is sent on the data bus). The width of the address bus determines the amount of memory a system can address.
The message traverses hops, and each hop's channel length depends on the topology. The topology significantly influences both latency and power consumption. Furthermore, since the topology determines the number of alternative paths between nodes, it affects the network traffic distribution, and hence the network bandwidth and performance ...
SPI lends itself to a "bus driver" software design. Software for attached devices is written to call a "bus driver" that handles the actual low-level SPI hardware. This permits the driver code for attached devices to port easily to other hardware or a bit-banging software implementation.
Most real networks have a very short average path length leading to the concept of a small world where everyone is connected to everyone else through a very short path. As a result, most models of real networks are created with this condition in mind. One of the first models which tried to explain real networks was the random network model.
Modbus or MODBUS is a client/server data communications protocol in the application layer. [1] It was originally designed for use with programmable logic controllers (PLCs), [2] but has become a de facto standard communication protocol for communication between industrial electronic devices in a wide range of buses and networks.
A tree topology, or star-bus topology, is a hybrid network topology in which star networks are interconnected via bus networks. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Tree networks are hierarchical, and each node can have an arbitrary number of child nodes.