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Most are non-infectious, although there are some non-communicable infectious diseases, such as parasitic diseases in which the parasite's life cycle does not include direct host-to-host transmission. The four main NCDs that are the leading causes of death globally are cardiovascular disease , cancer , chronic respiratory diseases , and diabetes .
Immunocompromised individuals are especially vulnerable to bacteria that are typically nonpathogenic; because of a compromised immune system, disease occurs when these bacteria gain access to the body's interior. Genes have been identified that predispose disease and infection with nonpathogenic bacteria by a small number of persons. [3]
Widespread non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer are not included. An epidemic is the rapid spread of disease to a large number of people in a given population within a short period of time; in meningococcal infections , an attack rate in excess of 15 cases per 100,000 people for two consecutive weeks is considered ...
Infectious disease – illness or disorder when pathogenic (disease-causing) microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites invade and multiply within the body of a host organism and release toxins, causing various clinical symptoms which can potentially lead to severe health complications or even death. Infectious diseases can ...
Contagious disease, a subset of infectious diseases. Cryptogenic disease, a disease whose cause is currently unknown. Disseminated disease, a disease that is spread throughout the body. Environmental disease; Lifestyle disease, a disease caused largely by lifestyle choices. Localized disease, a disease affecting one body part or area. Non ...
unknown; evidence supports that it is infectious Kawasaki disease: Based on symptoms, ultrasound of the heart: Aspirin, immunoglobulin: No multiple Keratitis: Infectious keratitis generally requires urgent antibacterial, antifungal, or antiviral therapy to eliminate the pathogen. No Kingella kingae: Kingella kingae infection No PRNP: Kuru ...
Diseases and disorders CA Cancer: CACH Childhood ataxia with central nervous system hypomyelination (see vanishing white matter disease) CAD Coronary artery disease: CADASIL: Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy CAP Community acquired pneumonia: CAPA COVID-19–associated pulmonary ...
An infection is the invasion of tissues by pathogens, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agent and the toxins they produce. [1] An infectious disease, also known as a transmissible disease or communicable disease, is an illness resulting from an infection.