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The Arts and Crafts movement emerged from the attempt to reform design and decoration in mid-19th century Britain. It was a reaction against a perceived decline in standards that the reformers associated with machinery and factory production.
The history of art is often told as a chronology of masterpieces created during each civilization. It can thus be framed as a story of high culture, epitomized by the Wonders of the World. On the other hand, vernacular art expressions can also be integrated into art historical narratives, referred to as folk arts or craft.
The Arts and Crafts Movement emerged in the United States in Boston in the 1890s. The area was very receptive to the ideas of the Arts and Crafts movement due to prominent thinkers like the transcendentalist Ralph Waldo Emerson and Harvard Art History professor Charles Eliot Norton, who was a personal friend of British Art and Crafts leader William Morris. [10]
Roycroft was a reformist community of craft workers and artists which formed part of the Arts and Crafts movement in the United States. Elbert Hubbard founded the community in 1895, in the village of East Aurora, New York, near Buffalo. Participants were known as Roycrofters.
During the Depression years, the federal Works Progress Administration funded crafts projects as well as public works and murals as a way to both keep workers working and as a way to increase national morale. This enabled crafts to flourish at a local level. At the same time, American art programs began to include craft studies into their ...
The arts are considered various practices or objects done by people with skill, creativity, and imagination across cultures and history, viewed as a group. [1] These activities include painting, sculpture, music, theatre, literature, and more. [2] Art refers to the way of doing or applying human creative skills, typically in visual form. [3] [4]
Venus de Milo, at the Louvre. Art history is, briefly, the history of art—or the study of a specific type of objects created in the past. [1]Traditionally, the discipline of art history emphasized painting, drawing, sculpture, architecture, ceramics and decorative arts; yet today, art history examines broader aspects of visual culture, including the various visual and conceptual outcomes ...
The nature of craft skill and the process of its development are continually debated by philosophers, anthropologists, and cognitive scientists. [1] Some scholars note that craft skill is marked by particular ways of experiencing tools and materials, whether by allowing tools to recede from focal awareness, [2] perceiving tools and materials in terms of their practical interrelationships, [3 ...