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Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) is an inherited genetic syndrome most often caused by an inactivating mutation in the E-cadherin gene (CDH1) located on chromosome 16. [1] Individuals who inherit an inactive copy of the CDH1 gene are at significantly elevated risk for developing stomach cancer .
Stomach cancer, also known as gastric cancer, is a malignant tumor of the stomach. It's a cancer that develops from the lining of the stomach . [ 10 ] Most cases of stomach cancers are gastric carcinomas , which can be divided into a number of subtypes, including gastric adenocarcinomas . [ 2 ]
Linitis plastica (sometimes referred to as leather bottle stomach) is a morphological variant of diffuse stomach cancer in which the stomach wall becomes thick and rigid. [ 1 ] Linitis plastica is a type of adenocarcinoma and accounts for 3–19% of gastric adenocarcinomas. [ 1 ]
Hereditary cancer syndromes underlie 5 to 10% of all cancers and there are over 50 identifiable hereditary forms of cancer. [5] Scientific understanding of cancer susceptibility syndromes is actively expanding: additional syndromes are being found, [6] the underlying biology is becoming clearer, and genetic testing is improving detection, treatment, and prevention of cancer syndromes. [7]
Cancer of the stomach, also called gastric cancer, is the fourth-most-common type of cancer and the second-highest cause of cancer death globally. [2] Eastern Asia (China, Japan, Korea, Mongolia) is a high-risk area for gastric cancer, and North America, Australia, New Zealand and western and northern Africa are areas with low risk. [5]
Gastrinoma in the early stages will have signs and symptoms of indigestion [3] or similar to irritable bowel disease (IBD) such as: Hypergastrinemia [3] Refractory or recurrent peptic ulcers involving duodenum [3] Chronic diarrhea [7] [2] [3] Generalized cancer symptoms; Abdominal pain [3] Gastrointestinal bleeding [3] Obstruction of intestine [8]
The disorder is caused by mutations in both alleles (genetic copies) of the DNA repair gene, MUTYH. The MUTYH gene encodes a base excision repair protein, which corrects oxidative damage to DNA. Affected individuals have an increased risk of colorectal cancer , precancerous colon polyps ( adenomas ) and an increased risk of several additional ...
These symptoms include: epigastric pain; nausea; vomiting; weight loss; The polyps on endoscopy are usually tiny, numerous and sessile, [3] and usually scattered throughout the fundus of the stomach, where parietal cells are more numerous. They have the same colour as the gastric mucosa, and never have a stalk. [4]
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