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Alexander II (Russian: Алекса́ндр II Никола́евич, romanized: Aleksándr II Nikoláyevich, IPA: [ɐlʲɪˈksandr ftɐˈroj nʲɪkɐˈlajɪvʲɪtɕ]; 29 April 1818 – 13 March 1881) [a] was Emperor of Russia, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Finland from 2 March 1855 until his assassination in 1881. [1]
In addition, Tsar Alexander II hit the landed gentry hard and, as a result, the whole economy, with a sudden decision in 1864 for finally abolishing serfdom in Poland. [6] The ensuing breakup of estates and destitution of many peasants convinced educated Poles to turn instead to the idea of " organic work ", economic and cultural self-improvement.
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The Greater Poland Uprising, one of the few Polish uprisings to actually succeed, that begun around that time, marks - with its success - the end of the Polish resistance to the partitioners. In October 1918, Polish authorities took over Galicia and Cieszyn Silesia. In November 1918, Piłsudski was released from internment in Germany by the ...
Alexander Polish: Aleksander Jagiellończyk ... Alexander II 1777–1801–1825: Nicholas I 1796–1825–1855: Alexander III 1818–1858–1881: Alexander IV 1845 ...
They were allowed to write letters to their families, but they were never delivered, as the delivery was stopped by a personal order from tsar Alexander II of Russia. [citation needed] They were executed on 27 November 1866 near Irkutsk. Polish poet Kornel Ujejski dedicated one of his poems to this event. [5]
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Alexander II decided to abolish serfdom from above, with ample provision for the landowners, rather than wait for it to be abolished from below by revolution. [ 63 ] The Emancipation Reform of 1861 , which freed the serfs, was the single most important event in 19th-century Russian history, and the beginning of the end of the landed aristocracy ...