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PHACE syndrome. PHACE syndrome is a medical condition characterized by uncommon associations between birth defects of the brain, skin (large facial infantile hemangiomas), arteries, heart and eyes. "PHACE" is an acronym for the parts of the body the syndrome usually impacts: Posterior fossa abnormalities and other structural brain abnormalities.
The Posterior cranial fossa is colored in blue, yellow, and red. The posterior cranial fossa is the part of the cranial cavity located between the foramen magnum, and tentorium cerebelli. It is formed by the sphenoid bones, temporal bones, and occipital bone. It lodges the cerebellum, and parts of the brainstem.
Collier's sign (also known as Collier's tucked lid sign [1] or posterior fossa stare [2]) is bilateral or unilateral eyelid retraction. It is an accepted medical sign of a midbrain lesion, first described in 1927 by J Collier. [3] With the eyes in the primary position, the sclera can be seen above the cornea, and further upgaze increases the ...
Brain herniation is a potentially deadly side effect of very high pressure within the skull that occurs when a part of the brain is squeezed across structures within the skull. The brain can shift across such structures as the falx cerebri, the tentorium cerebelli, and even through the foramen magnum (the hole in the base of the skull through ...
Axial CT scan showing hemorrhage in the posterior fossa [22] Intracerebral bleeds are the second most common cause of stroke , accounting for 10% of hospital admissions for stroke. [ 23 ] High blood pressure raises the risks of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage by two to six times. [ 22 ]
Syndrome of occipitoatlantoaxial hypermobility is an acquired Chiari I malformation in patients with hereditary disorders of connective tissue. [42] Patients who exhibit extreme joint hypermobility and connective tissue weakness as a result of Ehlers–Danlos syndrome or Marfan syndrome are susceptible to instabilities of the craniocervical ...
The suboccipital triangle is a region of the neck bounded by the following three muscles of the suboccipital group of muscles: Rectus capitis posterior major - above and medially. Obliquus capitis superior - above and laterally. Obliquus capitis inferior - below and laterally. (Rectus capitis posterior minor is also in this region but does not ...
Platybasia is a spinal disease of a malformed relationship between the occipital bone and cervical spine. It may be caused by Paget's disease. Platybasia is also a feature of Gorlin-Goltz syndrome, commonly known as basal cell nevus syndrome. It may be developmental in origin or due to softening of the skull base bone, allowing it to be pushed ...