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Leukonychia. Other names. White nails or Milk spots[1] Specialty. Dermatology. Leukonychia (or leuconychia) is a medical term for white discoloration appearing on nails. [2] It is derived from the Greek words leuko 'white' and onyx 'nail'. The most common cause is injury to the base of the nail (the matrix) where the nail is formed.
Green nail syndrome (chloronychia or Goldman-Fox syndrome [7]) is characterised by discolouration of the infected nail, inflammation of the skin around the nail known as paronychia, and an odour resembling fruit. [3] The colour may range from light or blueish green or yellow-green to darker green or black. [8][3] Nails may be separated from the ...
Melanonychia is a black or brown pigmentation of a nail, and may be present as a normal finding on many digits in Afro-Caribbeans, as a result of trauma, systemic disease, or medications, or as a postinflammatory event from such localized events as lichen planus or fixed drug eruption.
Onychia is an inflammation of the nail folds (surrounding tissue of the nail plate) of the nail with formation of pus and shedding of the nail. Onychia results from the introduction of microscopic pathogens through small wounds. Onychocryptosis, commonly known as "ingrown nails" (unguis incarnatus), can affect either the fingers or the toes.
Onychomycosis. Onychomycosis, also known as tinea unguium, [ 4 ] is a fungal infection of the nail. [ 2 ] Symptoms may include white or yellow nail discoloration, thickening of the nail, and separation of the nail from the nail bed. [ 2 ] Fingernails may be affected, but it is more common for toenails. [ 3 ]
Psoriatic nails are characterized by a translucent discolouration in the nail bed that resembles a drop of oil beneath the nail plate. [2] Early signs that may accompany the "oil drop" include thickening of the lateral edges of the nail bed with or without resultant flattening or concavity of the nail; separation of the nail from the underlying nail bed, often in thin streaks from the tip-edge ...
Paronychia is an inflammation of the skin around the nail, which can manifest suddenly, often due to the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, or gradually, typically caused by the fungus Candida albicans. [2][3][4] The term originates from Greek παρά (para) 'around' and ὄνυξ (onyx) 'nail'. [5][6] Risk factors for paronychia include ...
mutations in the LMX1B gene. Nail–patella syndrome is a genetic disorder that results in small, poorly developed nails and kneecaps, but can also affect many other areas of the body, such as the elbows, chest, and hips. The name "nail–patella" can be very misleading because the syndrome often affects many other areas of the body, including ...