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The following summarizes basic academic ranks in the French higher education system. Most academic institutions are state-run and most academics with permanent positions are civil servants, and thus are tenured (after a one-year probationary period). Several parallel career paths exist, depending on the type of institution.
Candidate of Sciences (Candidatus scientiarum – CSc., replaced by common Ph.D. in the Czech Republic in 1998 and by PhD. in Slovakia in 1996) Doctor of philosophy (Philosophiae doctor – Ph.D. or PhD., awarded since 1998 and 1996, respectively; requires at least 3–5-year doctoral study and coursework of 120-180 Credits)
The initial position, demonstrator, is generally enrolled as the top student of the class. Master's degree is required for university-level assistant lecturer. After PhD, the appointment starts with lecturer, then gradually associate professor and professor, depending on research/teaching experience.
www.eui.eu. The European University Institute (EUI) is an international postgraduate and post-doctoral research-intensive university and an intergovernmental organisation with juridical personality, established by its founding member states to contribute to cultural and scientific development in the social sciences, in a European perspective.
The Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions are among Europe's most competitive and prestigious research and innovation fellowships. [1][2] Established in 1996 as Marie Curie Actions and known since 2014 as Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, they aim to foster the career development and further training of researchers at all career stages.
Administrative ranks. Rektor, Präsident – rector or president, highest representative of the university or Polytechnic, elected. Prorektor, Konrektor, Vizepräsident – prorector or vice president, responsible for a certain field, elected. Kanzler – chancellor, administrative head, elected, longterm or even permanent position.
ERIM Open PhD Projects are designed to give PhD candidates much freedom in choosing their own research topic. These open projects are financed with an endowment of 800,000 euros from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). ERIM was one of nine Dutch academic institutions who were awarded the grant in 2009, which was intended ...
The academic terminology for titles and positions at universities in Sweden includes the following: Adjunkt – A university teaching position, often part-time, that requires at least a bachelor's degree but does not require a PhD; similar to the adjunct instructor and in some cases to assistant professor in the USA, lecturer in the UK.