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A chordate (/ ˈkɔːrdeɪt / KOR-dayt) is a deuterostomic bilaterial animal belonging to the phylum Chordata (/ kɔːrˈdeɪtə / kor-DAY-tə). All chordates possess, at some point during their larval or adult stages, five distinctive physical characteristics (synapomorphies) that distinguish them from other taxa.
Endostyle. The endostyle is an organ in the pharynx of chordate animals that assists in filter-feeding, and is found in adult cephalochordates (lancelets) and urochordates (sea squirts, salps and larvaceans), as well as in the larvae of some basal vertebrates (specifically the lampreys), [1] but has been transformed through evolution into the ...
Hemichordate. Acorn worm, a hemichordate. Hemichordata (/ ˌhɛmɪkɔːrˈdeɪtə / HEM-ih-kor-DAY-tə) is a phylum which consists of triploblastic, eucoelomate, and bilaterally symmetrical marine deuterostome animals, generally considered the sister group of the echinoderms.
A tunicate is an exclusively marine invertebrate animal, a member of the subphylum Tunicata (/ ˌtjuːnɪˈkeɪtə / TEW-nih-KAY-tə). This grouping is part of the Chordata, a phylum which includes all animals with dorsal nerve cords and notochords (including vertebrates). The subphylum was at one time called Urochordata, and the term ...
The notochord is also toward the tail of the chordate but closer toward the middle of the body than the dorsal nerve cord and is a water-filled structure that allows the chordate to move in water. [3] The endostyle is underneath the pharyngeal gill slits where proteins are trapped to eventually provide the chordate energy and sustenance. Lastly ...
Pharyngeal slits are filter-feeding organs found among deuterostomes. Pharyngeal slits are repeated openings that appear along the pharynx caudal to the mouth. With this position, they allow for the movement of water in the mouth and out the pharyngeal slits. It is postulated that this is how pharyngeal slits first assisted in filter-feeding ...
A pharyngeal groove (or branchial groove, or pharyngeal cleft[ 1 ]) is made up of ectoderm unlike its counterpart the pharyngeal pouch on the endodermal side. The first pharyngeal groove produces the external auditory meatus (ear canal). [ 2 ] The rest (2, 3, and 4) are overlapped by the growing second pharyngeal arch, and form the floor of the ...
Pikaia gracilens is an extinct, primitive chordate animal known from the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale of British Columbia.Described in 1911 by Charles Doolittle Walcott as an annelid, and in 1979 by Harry B. Whittington and Simon Conway Morris as a chordate, it became "the most famous early chordate fossil", [1] or "famously known as the earliest described Cambrian chordate". [2]