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2. Moissanite - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moissanite

   Moissanite. Moissanite (/ ˈmɔɪsəˌnaɪt /) [ 5 ] is naturally occurring silicon carbide and its various crystalline polymorphs. It has the chemical formula SiC and is a rare mineral, discovered by the French chemist Henri Moissan in 1893. Silicon carbide or moissanite is useful for commercial and industrial applications due to its hardness ...

3. Synthetic diamond - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_diamond

   A laboratory-grown diamond (LGD), also called a lab-grown diamond, [ 1 ]laboratory-created, man-made, artisan-created, artificial, synthetic, or cultured diamond, is diamond that is produced in a controlled technological process (in contrast to naturally formed diamond, which is created through geological processes and obtained by mining).

4. Gemstone - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstone

   The simulants imitate the look and color of the real stone but possess neither their chemical nor physical characteristics. In general, all are less hard than diamond. Moissanite actually has a higher refractive index than diamond, and when presented beside an equivalently sized and cut diamond will show more "fire".

5. Silicon carbide - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_carbide

   Moissanite is similar to diamond in several important respects: it is transparent and hard (9–9.5 on the Mohs scale, compared to 10 for diamond), with a refractive index between 2.65 and 2.69 (compared to 2.42 for diamond). Moissanite is somewhat harder than common cubic zirconia. Unlike diamond, moissanite can be strongly birefringent.

6. Gemstone irradiation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstone_irradiation

   Gemstone irradiation is a process in which a gemstone is exposed to artificial radiation in order to enhance its optical properties. High levels of ionizing radiation can change the atomic structure of the gemstone's crystal lattice, which in turn alters the optical properties within it. [1] As a result, the gem­stone's color may be ...

7. Extraterrestrial diamonds - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extraterrestrial_diamonds

   Although diamonds on Earth are rare, extraterrestrial diamonds (diamonds formed outside of Earth) are very common. Diamonds small enough that they contain only about 2000 carbon atoms are abundant in meteorites and some of them formed in stars before the Solar System existed. [1] High pressure experiments suggest large amounts of diamonds are ...