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Rhizopus is a genus of common saprophytic fungi on plants and specialized parasites on animals. They are found in a wide variety of organic substances, including "mature fruits and vegetables", [ 2 ] jellies, syrups, leather, bread, peanuts, and tobacco.
Rhizopus stolonifer is commonly known as black bread mold. [1] It is a member of Zygomycota and considered the most important species in the genus Rhizopus . [ 2 ] It is one of the most common fungi in the world and has a global distribution although it is most commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions. [ 3 ]
Rhizopus oryzae is a filamentous heterothallic microfungus that occurs as a saprotroph in soil, dung, and rotting vegetation. This species is very similar to Rhizopus stolonifer , but it can be distinguished by its smaller sporangia and air-dispersed sporangiospores.
Rhizopus oligosporus is a fungus of the family Mucoraceae and is a widely used starter culture for the production of tempeh at home and industrially. As the mold grows it produces fluffy, white mycelia , binding the beans together to create an edible "cake" of partly catabolized soybeans .
Rhizopus arrhizus is a fungus of the family Mucoraceae, characterized by sporangiophores that arise from nodes at the point where the rhizoids are formed and by a hemispherical columella. It is the most common cause of mucormycosis in humans and occasionally infects other animals.
Rhizopus niveus is a filamentous fungi that can be found almost anywhere in the world. It is used in industry for the production of enzymes. Rhizopus niveus was originally isolated from Qū for Jiuniang manufactured in Hangzhou, China. Similarly to other Rhizopus species, Rhizopus niveus is saprophytic and grows
Rhizopus microsporus is a fungal plant pathogen infecting maize, sunflower, and rice. A domesticated variant of this species is used in the preparation of traditional soy fermentation such as tempeh and sufu (see Rhizopus oligosporus ).
[1] [2] The most common are Rhizopus soft rot (Rhizopus stolonifer), bacterial soft rot (Erwinia chrysanthemii), Fusarium root rot (Fusarium solani), Fusarium surface rot (Fusarium oxysporum), and black rot (Ceratocystis fimbriata). R. stolonifer is a problematic pathogen as it infects fresh wounds occurring during packing and shipping. There ...