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Tic-tac-toe A completed game of tic-tac-toe Other names Noughts and Crosses Xs and Os Genres Paper-and-pencil game Players 2 Setup time Minimal Playing time ~1 minute Chance None Skills Strategy, tactics, observation Tic-tac-toe (American English), noughts and crosses (Commonwealth English), or Xs and Os (Canadian or Irish English) is a paper-and-pencil game for two players who take turns ...
How to win tic tac toe requires strategic thinking and planning to win the game or force a draw. When you’re the first one up, there is a simple strategy on how to win tic tac toe: put your ‘X ...
Diagram showing optimal strategy for tic-tac-toe.With perfect play, and from any initial move, both players can always force a draw. In combinatorial game theory, a two-player deterministic perfect information turn-based game is a first-player-win if with perfect play the first player to move can always force a win.
The first player to claim all of the elements of a winning set wins. If the game ends with all elements of the board claimed, but no player has claimed all elements of a winning set, it is a draw. An example is classic tic-tac-toe. Maker-Breaker game The two players are called Maker and Breaker. Maker wins by claiming all elements of a winning set.
It is a win for the blue pieces (Cardinal Richelieu's men, or, the enemy). [21] Tic-tac-toe Trivially strongly solvable because of the small game tree. [22] The game is a draw if no mistakes are made, with no mistake possible on the opening move. Wythoff's game Strongly solved by W. A. Wythoff in 1907. [23]
Whenever Maker picks an element of a pair, Breaker picks the other element of the same pair. At the end, Breaker has an element in each pair; by condition 2, he has an element in each winning-set. An example of such pairing-strategy for 5-by-5 tic-tac-toe is shown above. [1]: 2–3 show other examples for 4x4 and 6x6 tic-tac-toe.
A strategy-stealing argument can be used on the example of the game of tic-tac-toe, for a board and winning rows of any size. [2] [3] Suppose that the second player (P2) is using a strategy S which guarantees a win. The first player (P1) places an X in an arbitrary position. P2 responds by placing an O according to S.
Hence, every winning-strategy of First in a strong-positional game is also a winning-strategy of Maker in the corresponding maker-breaker game. The opposite is not true. For example, in the maker-breaker variant of Tic-Tac-Toe, Maker has a winning strategy, but in its strong-positional (classic) variant, Second has a drawing strategy. [2]
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