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  2. Habeas Corpus Act 1679 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habeas_Corpus_Act_1679

    The Habeas Corpus Act 1679 is an Act of Parliament in England (31 Cha. 2.c. 2) during the reign of King Charles II. [2] It was passed by what became known as the Habeas Corpus Parliament to define and strengthen the ancient prerogative writ of habeas corpus, which required a court to examine the lawfulness of a prisoner's detention and thus prevent unlawful or arbitrary imprisonment.

  3. Prison reform - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prison_reform

    Johnny Cash advocated prison reform at his July 1972 meeting with United States President Richard Nixon. Kim Kardashian and President Donald Trump discuss prison reform in May 2018. In the 1800s, Dorothea Dix toured prisons in the U.S. and all over Europe looking at the conditions of the mentally handicapped. Her ideas led to a mushroom effect ...

  4. Prisons in Germany - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prisons_in_Germany

    They were Zuchthaus (prison), Gefängnis (prison), Einschließung (jail), Arbeitshaus (workhouse), and Haft (custody). A Zuchthaus was a prison of hard, physically exerting labor, such as breaking rocks, where prisoners had to work, even to the point of collapse. This was repealed by a reform of the penal code, which took effect on March 31, 1970 .

  5. Timeline of Hamburg - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Hamburg

    13 September: Hamburg-Neugraben and Hamburg-Sasel subcamps of the Neuengamme concentration camp established. The prisoners were Jewish women. [50] [51] 13 September: Women prisoners of the Hamburg-Veddel subcamp moved to other subcamps in Hamburg and Wedel. [48] 15 September: 2,000 male prisoners deported to the Hamburg-Veddel subcamp of ...

  6. Society and Prisons: Some Suggestions for a New Penology

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Society_and_Prisons:_Some...

    The book intensified Osborne's interest in prisons and prison reform. In 1913, William Sulzer was elected Governor of New York and planned to reform the state's penal system. Osborne suggested the formation of a prison commission. Sulzer followed this suggestion and offered Osborne the chairmanship of the commission.

  7. The Rise of the Penitentiary - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Rise_of_the_Penitentiary

    This book explores the ideas used to justify imprisoning people as punishment in the early United States. Hirsch, the author, uses Massachusetts as the template. He traces how ideas about prisons transition from being discussed in theory to becoming physical buildings and implemented systems.

  8. History of United States prison systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_United_States...

    Support for these initiatives sprang from the influential prison reform organizations in the United States at the time—e.g., the Prison Reform Congress, the National Conference of Charities and Correction, the National Prison Congress, the Prison Association of New York, and the Philadelphia Society for Alleviating the Miseries of Public Prisons.

  9. Penitentiaries, Reformatories, and Chain Gangs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penitentiaries...

    Over the past 200 years, the United States has put into service various institutions to punish criminals. Examples include: prisons (penitentiaries), institutions for rehabilitation (reformatories), and a system where prisoners were leased to private companies (convict lease).