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As there is an ascending pathway to the brain that initiates the conscious realization of pain, there also is a descending pathway which modulates pain sensation. The brain can request the release of specific hormones or chemicals that can have analgesic effects which can reduce or inhibit pain sensation.
Activity in many parts of the brain is associated with pain perception. Some of the known parts for the ascending pathway include the thalamus, hypothalamus, midbrain, lentiform nucleus, somatosensory cortices, insular, prefrontal, anterior and parietal cingulum. [2] Then, there are also the descending pathways for the modulation of pain sensation.
Pain is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli. The International Association for the Study of Pain defines pain as "an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with, actual or potential tissue damage."
The peduncle is not part of the lateral-spinothalamic-tract-pathway; the medulla receives the info and passes it onto the peduncle from elsewhere (see somatosensory system). The thalamus is where pain is thought to be brought into perception ; it also aids in pain suppression and modulation, acting like a bouncer , allowing certain intensities ...
"Touch" is an objective sensation, but "pain" is an individualized sensation which varies among different people and is conditioned by memory and emotion. Anatomical differences between the pathways for touch-position perception and pain-temperature sensation help explain why pain, especially chronic pain, is difficult to manage.
The anterolateral system (ALS) is an ascending bundle of fibers in the spinal cord, carried in three main pathways or tracts. [1] The tracts convey pain, [6] temperature (protopathic sensation), and crude touch from the periphery to the brain. The most important of these is the spinothalamic tract. [2]
Area S2 processes light touch, pain, visceral sensation, and tactile attention. S1 processes the remaining info (crude touch, pain, temperature). [13] [14] [15] BA7 integrates visual and proprioceptive info to locate objects in space. [16] [17] The insular cortex (insula) plays a role in the sense of bodily-ownership, bodily self-awareness, and ...
The spinothalamic tract is the main pathway associated with pain and temperature perception, which immediately crosses the spinal cord laterally. [1] This crossover feature is clinically important because it allows for identification of the location of injury.