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Significant toxicity from benzodiazepines can occur in the elderly as a result of long-term use. [112] Benzodiazepines, along with antihypertensives and drugs affecting the cholinergic system, are the most common cause of drug-induced dementia affecting over 10 percent of patients attending memory clinics.
However, a prolonged and severe withdrawal syndrome can cause profound disability, which may lead to breakdown of relationships, loss of employment, financial difficulties, as well as more serious adverse effects such as hospitalization and suicide. [48] As such, long-term users should not be forced to discontinue against their will. [25]
At high doses, quinine, aspirin and other salicylates may also cause high-pitch tinnitus and hearing loss in both ears, typically reversible upon discontinuation of the drug. [20] Erectile dysfunction medications may have the potential to cause hearing loss. [36] However the link between erectile dysfunction medications and hearing loss remains ...
Alprazolam, sold under the brand name Xanax among others, is a fast-acting, potent tranquilizer of moderate duration within the triazolobenzodiazepine group of chemicals called benzodiazepines. [15] Alprazolam is most commonly prescribed in the management of anxiety disorders , especially panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). [ 9 ]
It is possible in some cases that alcohol abuse via a kindling mechanism can cause the development of a chronic substance-induced psychotic disorder (e.g., schizophrenia). The effects of an alcohol-related psychosis include an increased risk of depression and suicide as well as psychosocial impairments. [2]
Studies have proven that high-dose usage of aspirin can be associated with ototoxicity, manifesting reversible hearing loss and tinnitus. [20] The underlying mechanism is associated with a change in isolated cochlear outer hair cells (OHCs). Due to the COX inhibition, there is an increasing amount of leukotrienes in the inner ear. This ...
According to the Government of Victoria's (Australia) Department of Health, long-term use can cause "impaired thinking or memory loss, anxiety and depression, irritability, paranoia, aggression, etc." [9] A minority of people have paradoxical reactions after taking benzodiazepines such as worsened agitation or panic. [8]
Long-term alcohol abuse can create a deficiency of thiamine, magnesium, zinc, folate, and phosphate as well as cause low blood sugar. [10] However, several drugs have been shown to stop the hallucinations. Neuroleptics and benzodiazepines showed normalization. Common benzodiazepines include chlordiazepoxide and lorazepam.