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Ethyltoluene is produced by ethylation of toluene: CH 3 C 6 H 5 + C 2 H 4 → CH 3 C 6 H 4 C 2 H 5. Over typical acid catalysts, this process gives a mixture of the 2-, 3-, and 4- isomers. Using a modified zeolite catalyst, the alkylation is shape-selective for the 4- isomer. [1] 4-Ethyltoluene is subjected dehydrogenation to give 4 ...
Ethyltoluenes are prepared by alkylation of toluene with ethylene: CH 3 C 6 H 5 + CH 2 =CH 2 → CH 3 C 6 H 4 CH 2 CH 3. These alkylations are catalyzed by various Lewis acids, such as aluminium trichloride. 3- and 4-Ethyltoluenes are mainly of interest as precursors to methylstyrenes: CH 3 C 6 H 4 CH 2 CH 3 → CH 3 C 6 H 4 CH=CH 2 + H 2
In the petroleum refining and petrochemical industries, the initialism BTX refers to mixtures of benzene, toluene, and the three xylene isomers, all of which are aromatic hydrocarbons. The xylene isomers are distinguished by the designations ortho – (or o –), meta – (or m –), and para – (or p –) as indicated in the adjacent diagram.
Toluene is also found in cigarette smoke and car exhaust. If not in contact with air, toluene can remain unchanged in soil or water for a long time. [39] Toluene is a common solvent, e.g. for paints, paint thinners, silicone sealants, [40] many chemical reactants, rubber, printing ink, adhesives (glues), lacquers, leather tanners, and ...
The reaction is used for the transfer of methyl and ethyl groups between benzene rings. This is of particular value in the petrochemical industry [1] to manufacture p-xylene, styrene, [2] and other aromatic compounds. Motivation for using transalkylation reactions is based on a difference in production and demand for benzene, toluene, and xylenes.
ethyl 3-oxo-4-phenylbutanoate phenylacetone: ethyl-3-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-methyloxirane-2-carboxylate (MDP2P ethyl glycidate) MDMA: Formamide: amphetamine, methamphetamine Formic acid: amphetamine, methamphetamine Lithium aluminum hydride: amphetamine, methamphetamine Lithium metal amphetamine, methamphetamine Magnesium metal (turnings ...
Ethylbenzene is an organic compound with the formula C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 3.It is a highly flammable, colorless liquid with an odor similar to that of gasoline.This monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is important in the petrochemical industry as a reaction intermediate in the production of styrene, the precursor to polystyrene, a common plastic material.
In 2013, global production was about 438 thousand tons. [23] Before 1962, ethanol and acetylene were the major sources of acetaldehyde. Since then, ethylene is the dominant feedstock. [24] The main method of production is the oxidation of ethene by the Wacker process, which involves oxidation of ethene using a homogeneous palladium/copper ...