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On the advice of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed proclaimed a state of national emergency on 25 June 1975. The Emergency in India was a 21-month period from 1975 to 1977 when Prime Minister Indira Gandhi declared a state of emergency across the country by citing internal and external threats to the country. [1]
19 January – The 6.8 M s Kinnaur earthquake shook northern India with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). Forty-seven people were killed. 19 March – Indira Gandhi became the first Prime Minister of India to testify in a court. She appeared before Allahabad High Court in State of Uttar Pradesh v. Raj Narain case. [1]
Such an emergency was declared in India in the 1962 Sino- Indian War, [3] 1971 Indo- Pakistani War, [4] and 1975 internal disturbance (declared by Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed). [5] But after the 44th amendment act 1978, National Emergency can only be declared on grounds of "External aggression or war", also called as External Emergency & on the ground ...
On 25 June 1975, a state of emergency was declared by the President of India, Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, upon the advice of Prime Minister Gandhi. [2] [3] The government argued that the political disorder was a threat to national security. [9]
The Emergency of 25 June 1975 – 21 March 1977 was a 21-month period when President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, upon advice by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, declared a national emergency under Article 352 of the Constitution of India, effectively bestowing on her the power to rule by decree, suspending elections and civil liberties.
Samvidhan Hatya Diwas (IAST: saṃvidhāna hatyā divasa; Constitution Assassination Day) is a day in recognition of the sacrifice of people during the 1975 emergency of India, declared by then prime minister Indira Gandhi. Many constitutional rights of citizen and media were withheld during the emergency.
The Thirty-eighth Amendment of the Constitution of India, officially known as The Constitution (Thirty-eighth Amendment) Act, 1975, made the declaration of "The Emergency" final and conclusive. In particular it codified and enlarged the State's power to remove fundamental rights from its citizens during states of emergency. [1]
The Emergency era had been widely unpopular, and the 42nd Amendment was the most controversial issue. The clampdown on civil liberties and widespread abuse of human rights by police angered the public. The Janata Party which had promised to "restore the Constitution to the condition it was in before the Emergency", won the 1977 general elections.