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Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS), or Plain Ordinary Telephone System [1], is a retronym for voice-grade telephone service that employs analog signal transmission over copper loops. The term POTS originally stood for Post Office Telephone Service , as early telephone lines in many regions were operated directly by local Post Offices .
A communications system or communication system is a collection of individual telecommunications networks systems, relay stations, tributary stations, and terminal equipment usually capable of interconnection and interoperation to form an integrated whole. The components of a communications system serve a common purpose, are technically ...
Overall, a basic telecommunication system consists of three main parts that are always present in some form or another: A transmitter that takes information and converts it to a signal A transmission medium , also called the physical channel, that carries the signal (e.g., the "free space channel")
A typical rotary-dial key telephone: the Western Electric eighteen-button Call Director, manufactured from 1958 to the early 1980s. Before the development of large-scale integrated circuits, key systems typically consisted of electromechanical components, such as relays, as were larger telephone switching systems.
A telephone network is a telecommunications network that connects telephones, which allows telephone calls between two or more parties, as well as newer features such as fax and internet. The idea was revolutionized in the 1920s, as more and more people purchased telephones and used them to communicate news, ideas, and personal information. [ 1 ]
Call originator - (or calling party, caller or A-party) a person or device that initiates a telephone call by dialling a telephone number. Call waiting - a system that notifies a caller of another incoming telephone call by sounding a sound in the earpiece. Called party - (or callee or B-party) Caller; Calling party; Conference call (multi ...
The earliest end-to-end analog telephone networks to be modified and upgraded to transmission networks with Digital Signal 1 (DS1/T1) carrier systems date back to the early 1960s. They were designed to support the basic 3 kHz voice channel by sampling the bandwidth-limited analog voice signal and encoding using pulse-code modulation (PCM).
The most commonly used telephone sets for the 1A2 systems were modifications of the Bell System standard 500-series telephones for rotary dial systems, and the 2500-series Touch-Tone desk sets. For key system operation these sets were equipped with a set of push-buttons ( keys ) and additional internal contact springs to control the additional ...