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Calcium chloride is commonly encountered as a hydrated solid with generic formula CaCl 2 ·nH 2 O, where n = 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6. These compounds are mainly used for de-icing and dust control. Because the anhydrous salt is hygroscopic and deliquescent, it is used as a desiccant. [10]
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
Calcium(I) chloride (CaCl) is a diatomic molecule observed in certain gases. [ 1 ] A solid with the composition CaCl was reported in 1953; [ 2 ] however, later efforts to reproduce this work failed. [ 3 ]
The term chloride refers to a compound or molecule that contains either a chlorine anion (Cl −), which is a negatively charged chlorine atom, or a non-charged chlorine atom covalently bonded to the rest of the molecule by a single bond (−Cl). Many inorganic chlorides are salts. Many organic compounds are chlorides.
The tables below provides information on the variation of solubility of different substances (mostly inorganic compounds) in water with temperature, at one atmosphere pressure. Units of solubility are given in grams of substance per 100 millilitres of water (g/(100 mL)), unless shown otherwise.
Calcium chlorate is produced by passing chlorine gas through a hot suspension of calcium hydroxide in water, producing calcium hypochlorite, which disproportionates when heated with excess chlorine to give calcium chlorate and calcium chloride: [1] 6 Ca(OH) 2 + 6 Cl 2 → Ca(ClO 3) 2 + 5 CaCl 2 + 6 H 2 O
Calcium hypochlorite is an inorganic compound with chemical formula Ca(Cl O) 2, also written as Ca(OCl) 2.It is a white solid, although commercial samples appear yellow. It strongly smells of chlorine, owing to its slow decomposition in moist air.
Quantitatively, of all elemental chlorine produced, about 63% is used in the manufacture of organic compounds, and 18% in the manufacture of inorganic chlorine compounds. [85] About 15,000 chlorine compounds are used commercially. [86] The remaining 19% of chlorine produced is used for bleaches and disinfection products. [76]