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In geology, a terrane (/ t ə ˈ r eɪ n, ˈ t ɛr eɪ n /; [1] [2] in full, a tectonostratigraphic terrane) is a crust fragment formed on a tectonic plate (or broken off from it) and accreted or "sutured" to crust lying on another plate. The crustal block or fragment preserves its distinctive geologic history, which is different from the ...
Those terranes which are the full thickness of the lithosphere are called microplates. Continent-sized blocks are called variously microcontinents, continental ribbons, H-blocks, extensional allochthons and outer highs.
Laurentia basement rocks. Laurentia or the North American Craton is a large continental craton that forms the ancient geological core of North America.Many times in its past, Laurentia has been a separate continent, as it is now in the form of North America, although originally it also included the cratonic areas of Greenland and the Hebridean Terrane in northwest Scotland.
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Other Mesozoic terranes that accreted onto the continent include the Klamath Mountains, the Sierra Nevada, and the Guerrero super-terrane of western Mexico. [42] 80 to 90 million years ago the subducting Farallon plate split and formed the Kula Plate to the North. [32] Many of the major batholiths date from the late Cretaceous. [42]
Rather than being a single block, there were apparently two groups of blocks, the European Hunic terranes and the Asian Hunic terranes. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The collision with Laurasia (specifically, with the Kipchak arc ) formed what is now known as Kazakhstania according to one geological model of the ancient Earth.
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