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Io is anhydrous and likely has an interior of rock and metal. [19] Europa is thought to contain 8% ice and water by mass with the remainder rock. [19] These moons are, in increasing order of distance from Jupiter:
Io orbits Jupiter at a distance of 421,700 km (262,000 mi) from Jupiter's center and 350,000 km (217,000 mi) from its cloudtops. It is the innermost of the Galilean satellites of Jupiter, its orbit lying between those of Thebe and Europa. Including Jupiter's inner satellites, Io is the fifth moon out from Jupiter.
A montage of Jupiter and its four largest moons (distance and sizes not to scale) There are 95 moons of Jupiter with confirmed orbits as of 5 February 2024. [1] [note 1] This number does not include a number of meter-sized moonlets thought to be shed from the inner moons, nor hundreds of possible kilometer-sized outer irregular moons that were only briefly captured by telescopes. [4]
Voyager 2 passed Io on July 9, 1979 at a distance of 1,130,000 km (702,000 mi), approaching Jupiter between the orbits of Europa and Ganymede. [58] Though it did not approach nearly as close to Io as Voyager 1 , comparisons between images taken by the two spacecraft showed several surface changes that had occurred in the four months between the ...
[130] [131] The average distance between Jupiter and the Sun is 778 million km ... in order of increasing distance from Jupiter: Io, Europa, Ganymede, Callisto.
Located on Jupiter's moon Io, the lava lake known as Loki Patera is a whopping 127 miles across and spans over 8,300 square miles — meanwhile, Lake Ontario covers just 7,320 mi².
Ganymede orbits Jupiter at a distance of 1,070,400 kilometres (665,100 mi), third among the Galilean satellites, [26] and completes a revolution every seven days and three hours (7.155 days [39]). Like most known moons, Ganymede is tidally locked , with one side always facing toward the planet, hence its day is also seven days and three hours ...
Between the two observations, Io had completed four orbits of Jupiter, giving an orbital period of 42 hours 28 minutes 31¼ seconds. The last emergence observed in the series was on 29 April (at 10:30:06). By this time, Io had completed thirty orbits around Jupiter since 7 March: the apparent orbital period is 42 hours 29 minutes 3 seconds.