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A vacuum furnace is a type of furnace in which the product in the furnace is surrounded by a vacuum during processing. The absence of air or other gases prevents oxidation, heat loss from the product through convection, and removes a source of contamination. This enables the furnace to heat materials (typically metals and ceramics) to ...
Vacuum arc remelting (VAR) is a secondary melting process for production of metal ingots with elevated chemical and mechanical homogeneity for highly demanding applications. [1] The VAR process has revolutionized the specialty traditional metallurgical techniques industry, and has made possible tightly controlled materials used in biomedical ...
An industrial furnace, also known as a direct heater or a direct fired heater, is a device used to provide heat for an industrial process, typically higher than 400 degrees Celsius. [1] They are used to provide heat for a process or can serve as reactor which provides heats of reaction.
The furnace is then tilted forward so that the lance is above the charge, and the charge is melted using an oil or natural gas burner that is inserted near the top of the furnace. [6] Once the charge has been melted, the furnace is tilted back into the blowing position and oxygen is blown into the bath. [6]
Electron-beam furnaces are used for production and refining of high-purity metals (especially titanium, vanadium, tantalum, niobium, hafnium, etc.) and some exotic alloys. [1] The EB furnaces use a hot cathode for production of electrons and high voltage for accelerating them towards the target to be melted.
Ipsen's industrial furnaces - vacuum furnaces, atmosphere furnaces and pusher-type furnaces - are used for the following heat treatment processes: hardening, quenching, tempering, carburization, carbon nitriding, nitro carburization, bright tempering, annealing, vacuum brazing, temperature brazing, plasma nitriding
Continuous-process furnaces may also use paste-type, Søderberg electrodes to prevent interruptions from electrode changes. [15] Such a furnace is known as a submerged arc furnace, because the electrode tips are buried in the slag/charge, and arcing occurs through the slag, between the matte and the electrode.
Vacuum Furnaces: two furnaces, with perclene cooling, and all auxiliaries including vacuum pumps, three power hacksaws, crucible and mold preparation facilities, and dust collection have been used at temperatures up to 3,360 °F (for melting thorium).
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