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Nephrotoxicity is toxicity in the kidneys. It is a poisonous effect of some substances, both toxic chemicals and medications, on kidney function. [1] There are various forms, [2] and some drugs may affect kidney function in more than one way. Nephrotoxins are substances displaying nephrotoxicity.
In general, amikacin should not be used with or just before/after another drug that can cause neurotoxicity, ototoxicity, or nephrotoxicity. Such drugs include other aminoglycosides; the antiviral acyclovir; the antifungal amphotericin B; the antibiotics bacitracin, capreomycin, colistin, polymyxin B, and vancomycin; and cisplatin, which is ...
Aminoglycoside is a medicinal and bacteriologic category of traditional Gram-negative antibacterial medications that inhibit protein synthesis and contain as a portion of the molecule an amino-modified glycoside . [1] [2] The term can also refer more generally to any organic molecule that contains amino sugar substructures.
It is not recommended with streptomycin or other medications that may damage the auditory vestibular nerve. [1] It is not recommended during pregnancy as it may cause kidney or hearing problems in the baby. [1] Capreomycin is commonly grouped with the aminoglycoside family of medications. [2] How it works is unclear. [1]
ATN presents with acute kidney injury (AKI) and is one of the most common causes of AKI. [2] Common causes of ATN include low blood pressure and use of nephrotoxic drugs. [2] The presence of "muddy brown casts" of epithelial cells found in the urine during urinalysis is pathognomonic for ATN. [3] Management relies on aggressive treatment of the ...
Aminoglycoside-3'-phosphotransferase (APH(3')), also known as aminoglycoside kinase, is an enzyme that primarily catalyzes the addition of phosphate from ATP to the 3'-hydroxyl group of a 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycoside, such as kanamycin. [2]
Plazomicin, sold under the brand name Zemdri, is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat complicated urinary tract infections. [2] As of 2019 it is recommended only for those in whom alternatives are not an option. [2] It is given by injection into a vein. [2] Common side effects include kidney problems, diarrhea, nausea, and blood pressure ...
The scarring of the small blood vessels, called capillary sclerosis, is the initial lesion of analgesic nephropathy. [7] Found in the renal pelvis, ureter, and capillaries supplying the nephrons, capillary sclerosis is thought to lead to renal papillary necrosis and, in turn, chronic interstitial nephritis.