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Cryogenic electron tomography (cryoET) is an imaging technique used to reconstruct high-resolution (~1–4 nm) three-dimensional volumes of samples, often (but not limited to) biological macromolecules and cells.
Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) is a transmission electron microscopy technique that is used in structural biology and materials science. Colloquially, the term "cryogenic electron microscopy" or its shortening "cryo-EM" refers to cryogenic transmission electron microscopy by default, as the vast majority of cryo-EM is ...
CryoTEM image of GroEL suspended in amorphous ice at 50 000 × magnification Structure of Alcohol oxidase from Pichia pastoris by CryoTEM. Transmission electron cryomicroscopy (CryoTEM), commonly known as cryo-EM, is a form of cryogenic electron microscopy, more specifically a type of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) where the sample is studied at cryogenic temperatures (generally liquid ...
Scanning electron cryomicroscopy (CryoSEM) is a form of electron microscopy where a hydrated but cryogenically fixed sample is imaged on a scanning electron microscope's cold stage in a cryogenic chamber. The cooling is usually achieved with liquid nitrogen. [1]
This is useful for imaging specimens that would be volatile in high vacuum at room temperature. Cryo-STEM has been used to study vitrified biological samples, [33] vitrified solid-liquid interfaces in material specimens, [34] and specimens containing elemental sulfur, which is prone to sublimation in electron microscopes at room temperature. [35]
Although optical microscopes have existed for centuries, cryomicroscopy is a modern methodology. In the 1950s, ice crystals were studied by installing an electron microscope inside of an igloo. [1] Circa 1980, the adaption of the electron microscope, the vacuum, and the cryostat led to the conception of the modern cryomicroscopy.
Electron tomography (ET) is a tomography technique for obtaining detailed 3D structures [1] of sub-cellular, macro-molecular, or materials specimens. Electron tomography is an extension of traditional transmission electron microscopy and uses a transmission electron microscope to collect the data.
Microcrystal electron diffraction, or MicroED, [1] [2] is a CryoEM method that was developed by the Gonen laboratory in late 2013 at the Janelia Research Campus of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. MicroED is a form of electron crystallography where thin 3D crystals are used for structure determination by electron diffraction. Prior to this ...