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The disparity of the images on the actual retina depends on factors internal to the eye, especially the location of the nodal points, even if the cross section of the retina is a perfect circle. Disparity on retina conforms to binocular disparity when measured as degrees, while much different if measured as distance due to the complicated ...
Retinal disparity is the separation between objects as seen by the left eye and the right eye and helps to provide depth perception. [17] Retinal disparity provides relative depth between two objects, but not exact or absolute depth. The closer objects are to each other, the retinal disparity will be small.
These are typically classified into binocular cues and monocular cues. Binocular cues are based on the receipt of sensory information in three dimensions from both eyes and monocular cues can be observed with just one eye. [2] [3] Binocular cues include retinal disparity, which exploits parallax and vergence.
Disparities are processed in the visual cortex of the brain to yield depth perception. While binocular disparities are naturally present when viewing a real three-dimensional scene with two eyes, they can also be simulated by artificially presenting two different images separately to each eye using a method called stereoscopy. The perception of ...
In order for stereopsis to occur, an individual must be able to make use of binocular depth cues, a skill the namesake of the term would not be able to utilize. Binocular disparity as it relates to cyclopean images has become an interest in research [7] due to a rise in three dimensional technology usage.
In the 19th century Charles Wheatstone determined that retinal disparity was a large contributor to depth perception. [1] Using a stereoscope, he showed that horizontal disparity is used by the brain to calculate the relative depths of different objects in 3-dimensional space in reference to a fixed point.
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Fusional vergence (also: disparity vergence, disparity-driven vergence, or reflex vergence [2]): vergence induced by a stimulus to binocular fusion. Proximal vergence: vergence due to the awareness of a fixation object being near or far in the absence of disparity and of cues for accommodation. This includes also vergence that is due to a ...