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Melakarta Ragas Janya ragas are Carnatic music ragas derived from the fundamental set of 72 ragas called Melakarta ragas, by the permutation and combination of the various ascending and descending notes. The process of deriving janya ragas from the parent melakartas is complex and leads to an open mathematical possibility of around thirty thousand ragas. Though limited by the necessity of the ...
While ragas in Hindustani music are divided into thaats, ragas in Carnatic music are divided into melakartas. A raga (IAST: rāga, IPA:; also raaga or ragam or raag; lit. ' colouring ' or ' tingeing ' or ' dyeing ' [1] [2]) is a melodic framework for improvisation in Indian classical music akin to a melodic mode. [3]
The dance is fluid, graceful and sensual. Abhinaya in Odissi is performed to verses recited in Sanskrit or Odia language. [68] Most common are Abhinayas on Oriya songs or Sanskrit Ashthapadis or Sanskrit stutis like the Dashavatara Stotra (depicting the ten incarnations of Vishnu) or the Ardhanari Stotra (half man, half woman form of the divine).
The rhythmic organization is based on rhythmic patterns called tala. The melodic foundations are called ragas. One possible classification of ragas is into "melodic modes" or "parent scales", known as thaats, under which most ragas can be classified based on the notes they use. Thaats may consist of up to seven scale degrees, or swara.
Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande classified most ragas into ten Thaats. Kafi Thaat is one of them. The raga Kafi is the principal raga of its Thaat. According to Bhatkhande, its name first appears in the Raga Tarangini of Lochana Pandit, who lived in the Mithila district around the 15th century CE. Kafi has a direct lineage with the folk music of India.
In the context of a rāgam's scale, the terms poorvaanga (meaning former part, in this case first-half) and uttaraanga (latter part, or second-half) are used. Sa, Ri, Ga and Ma notes in a scale are referred are poorvaanga, while Pa, Dha and Ni are referred as uttaraanga
An alapana, sometimes also called ragam, [7] is the exposition of a raga or tone - a slow improvisation with no rhythm, [8] where the raga acts as the basis of embellishment. [9] In performing alapana, performers consider each raga as an object that has beginnings and endings and consists of sequences of thought.
After the time of the poet, the singing of the Gitagovinda according to the authentic Odissi ragas & talas, (such as the Raga Mangala Gujjari) was instated as a mandatory sevā at the temple, to be performed by the Maharis or Devadasis, systematically recorded in inscriptions, the Mādalā Pānji and other official documents that describe the ...