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In materials science, bulk density, also called apparent density, is a material property defined as the mass of the many particles of the material divided by the bulk volume. Bulk volume is defined as the total volume the particles occupy, including particle's own volume, inter-particle void volume, and the particles' internal pore volume. [1]
The bulk volume of a material —inclusive of the void space fraction— is often obtained by a simple measurement (e.g. with a calibrated measuring cup) or geometrically from known dimensions. Mass divided by bulk volume determines bulk density. This is not the same thing as the material volumetric mass density.
V cap = volume of capillary bound water. V fw = volume of free water. V hyd = volume of hydrocarbon. Φ T = Total porosity (PHIT), which includes the connected and not connected pore throats. Φ e = Effective porosity which includes only the inter-connected pore throats. V b = bulk volume of the rock. Key equations: V ma + V cl + V fw + V hyd = 1
The low compressibility of water means that even in the deep oceans at 4 km depth, where pressures are 40 MPa, there is only a 1.8% decrease in volume. [43] The bulk modulus of water ice ranges from 11.3 GPa at 0 K up to 8.6 GPa at 273 K. [44] The large change in the compressibility of ice as a function of temperature is the result of its ...
Volumetric water content, θ, is defined mathematically as: = where is the volume of water and = + + is equal to the total volume of the wet material, i.e. of the sum of the volume of solid host material (e.g., soil particles, vegetation tissue) , of water , and of air .
V T is the bulk volume of the sample, V a is the volume of the container containing the sample, V b is the volume of the evacuated container, P 1 is the initial pressure in the initial pressure in volume V a and V V, and P 2 is final pressure present in the entire system. The porosity follows straightforwardly by its proper definition
where is the void ratio, is the porosity, V V is the volume of void-space (gases and liquids), V S is the volume of solids, and V T is the total (or bulk) volume. This figure is relevant in composites, in mining (particular with regard to the properties of tailings), and in soil science.
A unit of volume is a unit of measurement for measuring volume or capacity, the extent of an object or space in three dimensions. Units of capacity may be used to specify the volume of fluids or bulk goods, for example water, rice, sugar, grain or flour.