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  2. List of organisms by chromosome count - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_organisms_by...

    The list of organisms by chromosome count describes ploidy or numbers of chromosomes in the cells of various plants, animals, protists, and other living organisms.This number, along with the visual appearance of the chromosome, is known as the karyotype, [1] [2] [3] and can be found by looking at the chromosomes through a microscope.

  3. Human genome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_genome

    It consists of 22 autosomes plus one copy of the X chromosome and one copy of the Y chromosome. It contains approximately 3.1 billion base pairs (3.1 Gb or 3.1 x 10 9 bp). [ 6 ] This represents the size of a composite genome based on data from multiple individuals but it is a good indication of the typical amount of DNA in a haploid set of ...

  4. Lists of human genes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lists_of_human_genes

    Human chromosomes, each of which contains an incomplete list of genes located on that chromosome, are as follows: Chromosome 1; Chromosome 2; Chromosome 3;

  5. Chromosome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome

    This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 23 December 2024. DNA molecule containing genetic material of a cell This article is about the DNA molecule. For the genetic algorithm, see Chromosome (genetic algorithm). Chromosome (10 7 - 10 10 bp) DNA Gene (10 3 - 10 6 bp) Function A chromosome and its packaged long strand of DNA unraveled. The DNA's ...

  6. Human evolutionary genetics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_evolutionary_genetics

    The human genome has been sequenced, as well as the chimpanzee genome. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, while chimpanzees, gorillas and orangutans have 24. Human chromosome 2 is a fusion of two chromosomes 2a and 2b that remained separate in the other primates. [9]

  7. XY sex-determination system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XY_sex-determination_system

    In this process, an X chromosome and a Y chromosome act to determine the sex of offspring, often due to genes located on the Y chromosome that code for maleness. Offspring have two sex chromosomes: an offspring with two X chromosomes (XX) will develop female characteristics, and an offspring with an X and a Y chromosome (XY) will develop male ...

  8. Cytogenetic notation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytogenetic_notation

    Maternally-derived chromosome rearrangement p: Short arm of a chromosome pat: Paternally-derived chromosome rearrangement psu dic: pseudo dicentric – only one centromere in a dicentric chromosome is active q: Long arm of a chromosome r: Ring chromosome t: Translocation: ter: Terminal end of arm (e.g. 2qter refers to the end of the long arm of ...

  9. International System for Human Cytogenomic Nomenclature

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_System_for...

    The International System for Human Cytogenomic Nomenclature (ISCN; previously the International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature) is an international standard for human chromosome nomenclature, which includes band names, symbols, and abbreviated terms used in the description of human chromosome and chromosome abnormalities.