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  2. Kleptocracy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kleptocracy

    Kleptocracy is different from plutocracy (rule by the richest) and oligarchy (rule by a small elite). In a kleptocracy, corrupt politicians enrich themselves secretly outside the rule of law, through kickbacks, bribes, and special favors from lobbyists and corporations, or they simply direct state funds to themselves and their associates. Also ...

  3. Plutocracy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plutocracy

    The term plutocracy is generally used as a pejorative to describe or warn against an undesirable condition. [3] [4] Throughout history, political thinkers and philosophers have condemned plutocrats for ignoring their social responsibilities, using their power to serve their own purposes and thereby increasing poverty and nurturing class conflict and corrupting societies with greed and hedonism.

  4. List of forms of government - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_forms_of_government

    A politically unstable and kleptocratic government that economically depends upon the exports of a limited resource (fruits, minerals), and usually features a society composed of stratified social classes, such as a great, impoverished ergatocracy and a ruling plutocracy, composed of the aristocracy of business, politics, and the military. [32]

  5. Corruption in Russia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruption_in_Russia

    It has, under the regime of Vladimir Putin, been variously characterized as a kleptocracy, [11] an oligarchy, [12] and a plutocracy; owing to its crony capitalism economic system. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] Spread of corruption in Russia

  6. Crony capitalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crony_capitalism

    This is seen in many parts of Africa and is sometimes called plutocracy (rule by wealth) or kleptocracy (rule by theft). Kenyan economist David Ndii has repeatedly brought to light how this system has manifested over time, occasioned by the reign of Uhuru Kenyatta as president. [41]

  7. Oligarchy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligarchy

    Oligarchy (from Ancient Greek ὀλιγαρχία (oligarkhía) 'rule by few'; from ὀλίγος (olígos) 'few' and ἄρχω (árkhō) 'to rule, command') [1] [2] [3] is a form of government in which power rests with a small number of people.

  8. Putin's Kleptocracy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putin's_Kleptocracy

    Putin's Kleptocracy: Who Owns Russia? is a 2014 book by Karen Dawisha. Published by Simon & Schuster , it chronicles the rise of Vladimir Putin during his time in Saint Petersburg in the 1990s. In the book, Dawisha exposes how Putin's friends and coworkers from his formative years have accumulated mass amounts of wealth and power.

  9. Russian oligarchs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_oligarchs

    Russia's Crony Capitalism: The Path from Market Economy to Kleptocracy. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300243093. OCLC 1137082828. Bullough, Oliver (2022). Butler to the World: How Britain Helps the World's Worst People Launder Money, Commit Crimes, and Get Away with Anything. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 9781250281920.