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A vacuum servo is a component used on motor vehicles in their braking system, to provide assistance to the driver by decreasing the braking effort. In the US it is commonly called a brake booster . A vacuum servo, also known as a power booster or power brake unit, uses a vacuum, usually supplied by the engine, to multiply the driver's pedal ...
The vacuum is only an assist and the brakes can still function, requiring greater force, if the booster vacuum is used up. Many older vehicles used vacuum-powered windshield wipers. Loss of manifold vacuum when the engine was working hard, or at wide open throttle, necessitated using a vacuum booster pump which was usually part of the fuel pump.
Vacuum boosters provide brake assist for the driver by multiplying the force out of the booster creating more than the force that was used to push on the brake pedal. The booster works by pulling the air out of the booster chamber with a pump or other vacuum source (typically the engine's intake manifold [1]), creating a low-pressure system ...
In the steam era, Britain's railways were divided–some using vacuum brakes and some using air brakes–but there was a gradual standardization on the vacuum brake. Some locomotives, e.g. on the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway, were dual-fitted so that they could work with either vacuum- or air-braked trains.
The Westinghouse Air Brake Company was established by George Westinghouse in 1869. In 1889, the Air Brake plant was moved to Wilmerding, Pennsylvania, a small farming town located 14 miles (23 km) outside of Pittsburgh. [9] At the time, was only inhabited by about 5,000 people.
Vacuum brake cylinder in running position: the vacuum is the same above and below the piston Air at atmospheric pressure from the train pipe is admitted below the piston, which is forced up. In its simplest form, the automatic vacuum brake consists of a continuous pipe—the train pipe—running throughout the length of the train.
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