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The following diagnostic systems and rating scales are used in psychiatry and clinical psychology. This list is by no means exhaustive or complete. This list is by no means exhaustive or complete. For instance, in the category of depression, there are over two dozen depression rating scales that have been developed in the past eighty years.
The SSD-12 can be used in combination with the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15). [9] and the Somatic Symptom Scale-8 (SSS-8) [10] to identify persons at risk for SSD. [2] Optimal combined cutpoints were ⩾9 for the PHQ-15 or SSS-8, and ⩾23 for the SSD-12 (sensitivity and specificity = 69% and 70%) [8]
The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is an international standard diagnostic classification for a wide variety of health conditions. The ICD-10 states that mental disorder is "not an exact term", although is generally used "...to imply the existence of a clinically recognisable set of symptoms or behaviours associated in most cases with distress and with interference with ...
However, some providers instead rely on the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD), [3] and scientific studies often measure changes in symptom scale scores rather than changes in DSM-5 criteria to determine the real-world effects of mental health interventions.
The scale is completed by patients to identify the presence and severity of symptoms consistent with the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. [12] The Beck Depression Inventory was originally designed by psychiatrist Aaron T. Beck in 1961. [11]
The clinical global impression (CGI) rating scales are measures of symptom severity, treatment response and the efficacy of treatments in treatment studies of patients with mental disorders. [1] It is a brief 3-item observer-rated scale that can be used in clinical practice as well as in researches to track symptom changes.
One such method is the Wong-Baker faces pain scale. Time (history) How long the condition has been going on and how it has changed since onset (better, worse, different symptoms), whether it has ever happened before, whether and how it may have changed since onset, and when the pain stopped if it is no longer currently being felt.
The PROMIS initiative develops and evaluates standard measures for key patient-reported health indicators and symptoms. [5] Patient-reported measures such as pain, fatigue, emotional distress, and physical functioning complement clinical measures (e.g., x-rays and lab tests) by providing healthcare providers with information about what patients ...