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A volcanic tsunami, also called a volcanogenic tsunami, is a tsunami produced by volcanic phenomena. About 20–25% of all fatalities at volcanoes during the past 250 years have been caused by volcanic tsunamis. The most devastating volcanic tsunami in recorded history was that produced by the 1883 eruption of Krakatoa. The waves reached ...
A tsunami hitting a coastline. This article lists notable tsunamis, which are sorted by the date and location that they occurred.. Because of seismic and volcanic activity associated with tectonic plate boundaries along the Pacific Ring of Fire, tsunamis occur most frequently in the Pacific Ocean, [1] but are a worldwide natural phenomenon.
An event of this sort would go undetected by humans because of the low–frequency ground motions. Tsunami earthquakes rupture the shallowest section of the subduction boundary, which generates large tsunami run-ups. [22] The earthquake theory also did not rule out the possibility of the volcano collapsing because of the extreme tsunami run–ups.
Lithograph of the eruption c. 1888. The 1883 eruption of Krakatoa (Indonesian: Letusan Krakatau 1883) in the Sunda Strait occurred from 20 May until 21 October 1883, peaking in the late morning of 27 August when over 70% of the island of Krakatoa and its surrounding archipelago were destroyed as it collapsed into a caldera.
On March 27, 1980, a series of volcanic explosions and pyroclastic flows began at Mount St. Helens in Skamania County, Washington, United States.A series of phreatic blasts occurred from the summit and escalated until a major explosive eruption took place on May 18, 1980, at 8:32 am.
Two people were killed in Peru by a 2-metre tsunami wave. A British woman was found to have been killed by the tsunami in Tonga. [19] 4 Mount Semeru [20] Indonesia 2021 12 57 An eruption began on December 4, and ejected a cloud of volcanic ash 12,000 m (40,000 ft) into the air, killing at least 57 people and injuring more than 100 others. 4
1741 eruption of Oshima–Ōshima and the Kampo tsunami; 1871 Ruang eruption and tsunami; 1979 Lembata tsunami; 2002 Stromboli tsunami; 2018 Sunda Strait tsunami; 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami
The Ancient Greek historian Thucydides suggested in his 5th century BC History of the Peloponnesian War that tsunamis were related to submarine earthquakes, [12] [13] but the understanding of tsunamis remained slim until the 20th century, and much remains unknown. Major areas of current research include determining why some large earthquakes do ...