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Germany has the third-largest Jewish population in Western Europe after France (600,000) and Britain (300,000) [101] and the fastest-growing Jewish population in Europe in recent years. The influx of immigrants, many of them seeking renewed contact with their Ashkenazi heritage, has led to a renaissance of Jewish life in Germany.
In 1925 in Germany, 563,733 people, or 0.9% of the population, considered themselves as members of the Jewish religious community; the proportion fell to 499,682 (0.8%) under the influence of the Nazi persecution of Jews in the census of 16 June 1933. By 1939, the number of Jews in the German Reich had drastically decreased to 233,973 (0.34%).
The mass persecution of Jews in Germany began on April 1, 1933, when the first nationwide boycott of all Jewish businesses in the country was carried out. [9] The main instrument of anti-Jewish policy in 1933–1935 was anti-Jewish legislation.
It was required of the Gestapo to ban Jews from all parks to avoid the "automatic disadvantage" that the presence of Jews causes for the "German-blooded children". [4] The population of Jews in Leipzig dropped from 11,000 in 1933 to 4,470 by 1939. [4] Jews were forced from their homes to homes for Jews called "Judenhaus". [4]
Overall, of the 522,000 Jews living in Germany in January 1933, approximately 304,000 emigrated during the first six years of Nazi rule and about 214,000 were left on the eve of World War II. Of these, 160,000-180,000 were killed as a part of the Holocaust. On 19 May 1943, only about 20,000 Jews remained and Germany was declared judenrein. [1]
21 March – Jewish organizations announce an economic boycott of German goods. 23 March – The Reichstag passes the Enabling Act ("The law for removing the distress of people and the Reich"), making Adolf Hitler dictator of Germany, curbing its own power. [1] 26 March – Air minister Hermann Göring denies that Germany's Jews are in danger.
Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service: This law removed many Jews from government service: until 1935, the law had an exemption for German Jews who had fought for Germany during World War I. [30] [29] Apr 7, 1933 Law on the Admission to the Bar: This law prevented Jews from taking the bar exam, which is a test needed to ...
The Holocaust, (/ ˈ h ɒ l ə k ɔː s t / ⓘ) [1] known in Hebrew as the Shoah (שואה), was the genocide of European Jews during World War II.Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe, around two-thirds of Europe's Jewish population.